This paper presents three-dimensional modified micromixers with staggered E-shape mixing units. Numerical analysis shows that an excellent mixing performance can be achieved in three-dimensional staggered E-shape mixers (3D SEMs) based on splitting-and-recombine (SAR) and chaotic advection. 3D SEM-3 can achieve a mixing index of over 70% in the flow regimes of 0.1 ≤ Reynolds number (Re) ≤ 1, which surpasses traditional two-dimensional and three-dimensional E-shape mixers (3D E-mixer). When Re > 50, our work indicates a mixing index of beyond 95%. The Poincaré mapping information and the logarithmic mean line stretching ($\text{ln}\overline{\lambda }$) were utilized to analyze the mixing dynamical process and mixing performance without diffusion. The mapping of particles at outlets shows that there is a more uniform distribution of particles in 3D SEMs at Re = 0.1 and 50, indicating better mixing performance. As the line of tracking particles is released from the center of the main channel of 3D SEM-3, the linear relation between $\text{ln}\overline{\lambda }$ and the number of mixing units reveals the generation of chaotic flow in proposed mixers. The larger mixing index of 3D SEMs at the same pressure drop than the 3D E-mixer demonstrates the mixing performance of the proposed micromixer comprehensively.

本文介绍了具有交错 E 形混合单元的三维改性微混合器。数值分析表明，基于分裂重组（SAR）和混沌平流的三维交错E形混合器（3D SEM）可以实现优异的混合性能。3D SEM-3在0.1≤雷诺数（Re）≤1的流态下可以达到70%以上的混合指数，超过了传统的二维和三维E型混合器（3D E-mixer）。当 Re > 50 时，我们的工作表明混合指数超过 95%。Poincaré 映射信息和对数平均线拉伸 ($\text{ln}\overline{\lambda }$) 用于分析混合动力过程和无扩散混合性能。出口处的颗粒映射表明，在 Re = 0.1 和 50 时，3D SEM 中的颗粒分布更均匀，表明混合性能更好。由于跟踪粒子线从 3D SEM-3 的主通道中心释放，之间的线性关系$\text{ln}\overline{\lambda }$混合单元的数量揭示了所提出的混合器中混沌流的产生。在相同压降下，3D SEM 的混合指数比 3D E-mixer 大，全面展示了所提出的微混合器的混合性能。