Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma is an infrequent, but aggressive fatal subtype of thyroid cancer. The osteoclastic variant of anaplastic carcinoma is a rare subtype of anaplastic carcinoma with rare cases reported in the literature. Molecular targeted therapies have emerged for the anaplastic carcinoma, necessitating accurate pathologic diagnosis with additional ancillary testing for directing clinical management. We present here the cytological diagnosis of an anaplastic thyroid carcinoma—osteoclastic variant on fine-needle aspiration (FNA), with emphasis on the novelty of utilizing the least invasive procedure (aspiration cytology) for rendering pathological diagnosis as well as identifying potential prognostic markers for targeted immunotherapy.

中文翻译：

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间变性甲状腺癌破骨细胞变异一例：细胞学诊断和预后标志物研究

甲状腺未分化癌是一种罕见但具有侵袭性的致命性甲状腺癌亚型。间变性癌的破骨细胞型是一种罕见的间变性癌亚型，文献报道的病例很少。间变性癌的分子靶向疗法已经出现，需要准确的病理诊断和额外的辅助测试来指导临床管理。我们在此介绍间变性甲状腺癌的细胞学诊断——细针穿刺 (FNA) 上的破骨细胞变异，重点是利用微创手术（抽吸细胞学）进行病理诊断以及识别潜在预后标志物的新颖性。靶向免疫治疗。