Sinus augmentation has become an integrated surgical phase in posterior maxillary implant prosthesis reconstruction. Since the residual alveolar bony height usually requires additional volume particularly at this anatomical region, sinus floor augmentation is advocated routinely. Over the years, Implant success rate is proved to be comparable to the one in the pristine bone, which is well documented in the literature. Anatomical aspects as well as surgeon skills are at most importance to achieve predictable outcome. In this narrative review, the different osteotomy techniques, the indications toward 1 or 2-stage approaches, the control of the Schneiderian membrane integrity as well as the management of intra- and post-operative complications are thoroughly discussed according the current data. In light of the excellent long-term implant success rate concurrent with the application of contemporary advanced techniques of the sinus augmentation via the lateral wall osteotomy approach, reduce invasiveness and less complication occurrences are well documented. A well-codified patient selection involving the rhinologist as an integral medical team would be significantly beneficial toward early diagnosis. In-depth knowledge of the anatomy, execution of a well standardized surgical technique, and understanding the complication etiology and their management are prerequisites for reducing patient morbidity to minimal discomfort and predictable successful outcome.

中文翻译：

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通过侧窗技术进行的鼻窦增大手术——减少侵入性和预防并发症：叙述性回顾

上颌窦增大已成为上颌后牙种植体修复重建的一个完整的手术阶段。由于残余牙槽骨高度通常需要额外的体积，特别是在这个解剖区域，因此提倡常规进行窦底增强。多年来，事实证明植入成功率可与原始骨中的成功率相媲美，这在文献中有详细记载。解剖学方面以及外科医生的技能对于实现可预测的结果最为重要。在这篇叙述性综述中，根据当前数据，对不同的截骨术技术、1 期或 2 期入路的适应症、Schneiderian 膜完整性的控制以及术中和术后并发症的管理进行了全面讨论。鉴于出色的长期植入成功率，同时应用当代先进技术通过侧壁截骨术方法进行鼻窦增大，减少侵入性和减少并发症的发生是有据可查的。将鼻科医生作为一个完整的医疗团队，进行完善的患者选择将对早期诊断大有裨益。深入了解解剖学、执行良好标准化的手术技术、了解并发症的病因及其处理是将患者发病率降低到最小不适和可预测的成功结果的先决条件。减少侵入性和减少并发症的发生是有据可查的。将鼻科医生作为一个完整的医疗团队，进行完善的患者选择将对早期诊断大有裨益。深入了解解剖学、执行良好标准化的手术技术、了解并发症的病因及其处理是将患者发病率降低到最小不适和可预测的成功结果的先决条件。减少侵入性和减少并发症的发生是有据可查的。将鼻科医生作为一个完整的医疗团队，进行完善的患者选择将对早期诊断大有裨益。深入了解解剖学、执行良好标准化的手术技术、了解并发症的病因及其处理是将患者发病率降低到最小不适和可预测的成功结果的先决条件。