Peri-implantitis is characterized by nonreversible and progressive loss of supporting bone and is associated with bleeding and/or suppuration on probing. Peri-implant disease is considered as the main etiologic factor related to implant failure. Peri-implant disease has a pathogenesis similar to that of periodontal disease, both being triggered by an inflammatory response to the biofilm accumulation. Although the prevalence of peri-implantitis has been evaluated by several clinical studies with different follow-ups, there are currently little data on the impact of implant location and the prevalence of peri-implantitis. The aim of this review, therefore, was to summarize the evidence concerning the prevalence of peri-implantitis in relation to implant location and associated risk predictors. Even though most studies evaluating the prevalence of peri-implantitis in relation to implant location are cross-sectional or retrospective, they suggest that the occurrence of peri-implantitis is most prevalent in the anterior regions of the maxilla and mandible. Moreover, it seems that there is a higher prevalence of peri-implantitis in the maxilla than in the mandible.

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种植体位置是否会影响种植体周围炎的风险？

种植体周围炎的特征是支持骨的不可逆和进行性丧失，并且与探诊时出血和/或化脓有关。种植体周围疾病被认为是与种植体失败相关的主要病因。种植体周围疾病的发病机制与牙周病相似，两者都是由对生物膜积累的炎症反应引发的。尽管几项临床研究对种植体周围炎的患病率进行了评估，并进行了不同的随访，但目前关于种植体位置的影响和种植体周围炎患病率的数据很少。因此，本综述的目的是总结与种植体位置和相关风险预测因素相关的种植体周围炎患病率的证据。尽管大多数评估种植体位置相关的种植体周围炎患病率的研究都是横断面的或回顾性的，但它们表明种植体周围炎的发生在上颌骨和下颌骨的前部区域最为普遍。此外，上颌种植体周围炎的患病率似乎高于下颌。