Rapid, accurate and frequent detection of the RNA of SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) and of serological host antibodies to the virus would facilitate the determination of the immune status of individuals who have Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), were previously infected by the virus, or were vaccinated against the disease. Here we describe the development and application of a 3D-printed lab-on-a-chip that concurrently detects, via multiplexed electrochemical outputs and within 2 h, SARS-CoV-2 RNA in saliva as well as anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulins in saliva spiked with blood plasma. The device automatedly extracts, concentrates and amplifies SARS-CoV-2 RNA from unprocessed saliva, and integrates the Cas12a-based enzymatic detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA via isothermal nucleic acid amplification with a sandwich-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay on electrodes functionalized with the Spike S1, nucleocapsid and receptor-binding-domain antigens of SARS-CoV-2. Inexpensive microfluidic electrochemical sensors for performing multiplexed diagnostics at the point of care may facilitate the widespread monitoring of COVID-19 infection and immunity.

快速、准确和频繁地检测 SARS-CoV-2（严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2）的 RNA 和病毒的血清学宿主抗体将有助于确定患有 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的个体的免疫状态)，以前曾感染过该病毒，或接种过该疾病的疫苗。在这里，我们描述了 3D 打印芯片实验室的开发和应用，该芯片实验室通过多路电化学输出在 2 小时内同时检测唾液中的 SARS-CoV-2 RNA 以及抗 SARS-CoV-2唾液中加入血浆的免疫球蛋白。该设备自动从未经处理的唾液中提取、浓缩和扩增 SARS-CoV-2 RNA，并将通过等温核酸扩增的基于 Cas12a 的 SARS-CoV-2 RNA 酶法检测与基于夹心的酶联免疫吸附测定相结合，在电极上使用 Spike S1、SARS-CoV 的核衣壳和受体结合域抗原进行功能化-2。用于在护理点进行多路诊断的廉价微流控电化学传感器可能有助于广泛监测 COVID-19 感染和免疫。