In 2002 and 2003 a collaborative effort was undertaken between Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Sandia National Laboratories, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Menlo Park, the USGS Hawaiian Volcano Observatory, and Electromagnetic Instruments Inc. to study the Kīlauea volcano in Hawaii using the magnetotelluric (MT) technique. The work was motivated by a desire to improve understanding of the magma reservoirs and conduits within Kīlauea and the East and Southwest Rift zones, which has implications for understanding Kīlauea's plumbing system. An improved understanding of the rift zones has implications in understanding large-scale landslides that are generated in the Hilina Slump, which produce significant impacts on coastal communities. Up to eight stations operated simultaneously, with multiple remote reference sites, and data were processed using multi-station robust processing techniques. In total, data were acquired at 70 sites over the Southwest and East rift zones. Good to excellent quality data were obtained even in the harshest conditions, such as those encountered on the fresh lava flows of the East Rift Zone, where electrical contact resistances are on the order of 100 kΩ. A three-dimensional (3D) MT model study was done to guide interpretation of the observed MT measurements. Synthetic modeling demonstrates that conductive bodies in the upper 3 km can be spatially resolved where MT station sampling is good. Resistivity anomalies in the 3D inversions have a high degree of spatial correlation with previously published seismic velocity anomalies beneath Kīlauea. Melt fractions between 0.096 and 0.117 are calculated for the Kīlauea and Puʻuʻōʻō low resistivity anomalies, respectively.

中文翻译：

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夏威夷基拉韦厄火山的大地电磁调查

2002 年和 2003 年，劳伦斯伯克利国家实验室、桑迪亚国家实验室、美国地质调查局 (USGS) 门洛帕克、美国地质调查局夏威夷火山观测站和电磁仪器公司合作，利用大地电磁研究夏威夷的基拉韦厄火山。 (MT) 技术。这项工作的动机是希望提高对基拉韦厄以及东部和西南裂谷带内岩浆储层和管道的了解，这对了解基拉韦厄的管道系统具有重要意义。对裂谷带的更好理解对于理解希利纳坍塌中产生的大规模滑坡具有重要意义，这些滑坡对沿海社区产生了重大影响。多达八个站点同时运行，具有多个远程参考站点，数据使用多站稳健处理技术进行处理。总共在西南和东部裂谷带的 70 个地点获取了数据。即使在最恶劣的条件下（例如在东裂谷区的新鲜熔岩流中遇到的情况，其接触电阻约为 100 kΩ），也能获得良好至极好的质量数据。进行了三维 (3D) MT 模型研究以指导对观察到的 MT 测量值的解释。综合建模表明，在 MT 站采样良好的情况下，上部 3 km 的导电体可以进行空间分辨。3D 反演中的电阻率异常与先前发表的 Kīlauea 下方的地震速度异常具有高度的空间相关性。熔融分数在 0.096 和 0 之间。