An experimental study is carried out to investigate the mechanical properties of clay brick masonry fabricated using traditional mortars. In this regard, four types of mortar whose frequent uses in Iranian traditional and historical monuments have been reported in the literature are selected. These mortars are gypsum mortar and three types of lime-based mortars including, Sarooj, lime-sand mortar, and lime-cement-sand mortar. In this study, tests on brick units, mortar specimens, masonry prisms and wallettes are conducted. The compressive stress-strain behavior, compressive strength, elastic modulus, and rupture modulus of mortars are determined from the standard tests. Moreover, the compression test of masonry prisms, direct shear test of brick-mortar bond, and diagonal shear test of masonry wallettes are carried out. The compressive stress-strain behavior of masonry and the shear bond strength of brick-mortar interface are determined from the tests on masonry prisms. Furthermore, shear stress-strain behavior of masonry wallettes is evaluated through diagonal shear tests. Some key mechanical properties of masonry wallettes such as modulus of rigidity and Poisson's ratio are also found from the test results. Accordingly, the brick-mortar bond governed the in-plane shear behavior of the masonry wallettes in diagonal shear tests. Furthermore, the highest compressive strength, elastic modulus, and diagonal shear strength belong to the masonry fabricated with gypsum mortar. By using the results of the experimental program, the applicability of some well-known empirical formulations for estimating the compressive strength of masonry prisms as well as the accuracy of idealized stress-strain models proposed for masonry material, are assessed.

进行了一项实验研究，以研究使用传统砂浆制造的粘土砖砌体的力学性能。在这方面，选择了文献中报道的在伊朗传统和历史古迹中频繁使用的四种砂浆。这些砂浆是石膏砂浆和三种石灰基砂浆，包括 Sarooj、石灰砂砂浆和石灰水泥砂砂浆。在这项研究中，对砖块、砂浆试样、砌体棱柱和钱包进行了测试。压缩应力-应变行为、抗压强度、弹性模量和断裂模量砂浆由标准测试确定。此外，还进行了砌体棱柱体的抗压试验、砖砌体粘结剂的直剪试验、砌体钱包的斜剪试验。砌体的压应力-应变行为和砖砌体界面的剪切粘结强度是通过砌体棱镜试验确定的。此外，通过对角剪切试验评估砌体钱包的剪切应力-应变行为。砌体钱包的一些关键机械性能，例如刚度模量和泊松比也可以从测试结果中找到。因此，在对角剪切试验中，砖-砂浆键控制了砌体钱包的面内剪切行为。此外，最高的抗压强度、弹性模量和对角剪切强度属于石膏砂浆砌筑的砌体。利用实验程序的结果，评估了一些著名的经验公式在估计砌体棱柱抗压强度方面的适用性，以及为砌体材料提出的理想化应力-应变模型的准确性。