Soil texture data are the basic input parameters for many Earth System Models. As the largest middle–low altitude permafrost regions on the planet, the land surface processes on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau can affect regional and even global water and energy cycles. However, the spatial distribution of soil texture data on the plateau is largely unavailable due to the difficulty of obtaining field data. Based on collection data from field surveys and environmental factors, we predicted the spatial distribution of clay, silt, and sand contents at a 1 km resolution, from 0–5, 5–15, 15–30, 30–60, 60–100, and 100–200 cm soil depth layers. The random forest models were constructed to predict the soil texture according to the relationships between environmental factors and soil texture data. The results showed that the soil particles of the QTP are dominated by sand, which accounts for more than 70% of the total particles. As for the spatial distribution, silt and clay contents are high in the southeast plateau, and low values of silt and clay mainly appeared in the northwest plateau. Climate and NDVI values are the most important factors that affect the spatial distribution of soil texture on the QTP. The results of this study provide the soil texture data at different depths for the whole plateau at a spatial resolution of 1 km, and the dataset can be used as an input parameter for many Earth System Models.

中文翻译：

---

青藏高原土壤质地及其与环境因子的关系

土壤质地数据是许多地球系统模型的基本输入参数。作为地球上最大的中低海拔多年冻土区，青藏高原的地表过程可以影响区域乃至全球的水循环和能量循环。然而，由于野外数据获取困难，高原土壤质地数据的空间分布在很大程度上无法获得。基于实地调查和环境因素的收集数据，我们预测了 1 km 分辨率下粘土、淤泥和沙子含量的空间分布，范围为 0-5、5-15、15-30、30-60、60-100 , 和 100-200 厘米的土壤深度层。根据环境因子与土壤质地数据之间的关系，构建随机森林模型来预测土壤质地。结果表明，青藏高原土壤颗粒以沙为主，占总颗粒的70%以上。从空间分布上看，高原东南部粉砂和黏土含量较高，而西北高原地区粉砂和黏土含量较低。气候和NDVI值是影响青藏高原土壤质地空间分布的最重要因素。本研究结果以1 km的空间分辨率提供了整个高原不同深度的土壤质地数据，该数据集可作为许多地球系统模型的输入参数。低值的粉砂和黏土主要出现在西北高原。气候和NDVI值是影响青藏高原土壤质地空间分布的最重要因素。本研究结果以1 km的空间分辨率提供了整个高原不同深度的土壤质地数据，该数据集可作为许多地球系统模型的输入参数。低值的粉砂和黏土主要出现在西北高原。气候和NDVI值是影响青藏高原土壤质地空间分布的最重要因素。本研究结果以1 km的空间分辨率提供了整个高原不同深度的土壤质地数据，该数据集可作为许多地球系统模型的输入参数。