Climate change and the unsustainability of fossil fuels are calling for cleaner energies such as methanol as a fuel. Methanol is one of the simplest molecules for energy storage and is utilized to generate a wide range of products. Since methanol can be produced from biomass, numerous countries could produce and utilize biomethanol. Here, we review methanol production processes, techno-economy, and environmental viability. Lignocellulosic biomass with a high cellulose and hemicellulose content is highly suitable for gasification-based biomethanol production. Compared to fossil fuels, the combustion of biomethanol reduces nitrogen oxide emissions by up to 80%, carbon dioxide emissions by up to 95%, and eliminates sulphur oxide emission. The cost and yield of biomethanol largely depend on feedstock characteristics, initial investment, and plant location. The use of biomethanol as complementary fuel with diesel, natural gas, and dimethyl ether is beneficial in terms of fuel economy, thermal efficiency, and reduction in greenhouse gas emissions.

气候变化和化石燃料的不可持续性要求使用甲醇等清洁能源作为燃料。甲醇是最简单的储能分子之一，可用于生产多种产品。由于甲醇可以由生物质生产，许多国家可以生产和利用生物甲醇。在这里，我们回顾了甲醇生产工艺、技术经济和环境可行性。具有高纤维素和半纤维素含量的木质纤维素生物质非常适合基于气化的生物甲醇生产。与化石燃料相比，燃烧生物甲醇可减少高达 80% 的氮氧化物排放，高达 95% 的二氧化碳排放，并消除硫氧化物的排放。生物甲醇的成本和产量很大程度上取决于原料特性、初始投资、和厂址。使用生物甲醇作为柴油、天然气和二甲醚的补充燃料在燃料经济性、热效率和减少温室气体排放方面是有益的。