Background While pharmacological treatments for positive symptoms of schizophrenia are widely used, their beneficial effect on negative symptoms, particularly social impairment, is insufficiently studied. Therefore, there is an increasing interest in preclinical research of potentially beneficial treatments, with mixed results. The current review aims to evaluate the efficacy of available treatments for social deficits in different animal models of schizophrenia. Study Design A systematic literature search generated 145 outcomes for the measures “total time” and “number” of social interactions. Standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated, and heterogeneity was tested using Q statistics in a random-effect meta-analytic model. Given the vast heterogeneity in effect sizes, the animal model, treatment group, and sample size were all examined as potential moderators. Study Results The results showed that in almost all models, treatment significantly improved social deficit (total time: SMD = 1.24; number: SMD = 1.1). The moderator analyses discovered significant subgroup differences across models and treatment subgroups. Perinatal and adult pharmacological models showed the most substantial influence of treatments on social deficits, reflecting relative pharmacological validity. Furthermore, atypical antipsychotic drugs had the highest SMD within each model subgroup. Conclusions Our findings indicate that the improvement in social interaction behaviors is dependent on the animal model and treatment family used. Implications for the preclinical and clinical fields are discussed.

中文翻译：

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精神分裂症动物模型中社交互动障碍的治疗：批判性回顾和荟萃分析

背景虽然精神分裂症阳性症状的药物治疗被广泛使用，但其对阴性症状，特别是社交障碍的有益作用尚未得到充分研究。因此，人们对潜在有益治疗的临床前研究越来越感兴趣，但结果好坏参半。当前的综述旨在评估现有治疗方法对不同精神分裂症动物模型中社交缺陷的疗效。研究设计 系统的文献检索生成了 145 个衡量社交互动“总时间”和“数量”的结果。计算标准化均值差 (SMD) 和 95% 置信区间 (CI)，并使用随机效应荟萃分析模型中的 Q 统计量测试异质性。鉴于效应大小存在巨大的异质性，动物模型、治疗组和样本量都作为潜在的调节因素进行了检查。研究结果 结果显示，在几乎所有模型中，治疗均显着改善了社交缺陷（总时间：SMD = 1.24；数量：SMD = 1.1）。调节分析发现模型和治疗亚组之间存在显着的亚组差异。围产期和成人药理学模型显示治疗对社交缺陷的影响最大，反映了相对的药理学有效性。此外，非典型抗精神病药物在每个模型亚组中具有最高的 SMD。结论 我们的研究结果表明，社会互动行为的改善取决于所使用的动物模型和治疗系列。讨论了对临床前和临床领域的影响。