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Modelling acute myeloid leukemia (AML): What’s new? A transition from the classical to the modern
Drug Delivery and Translational Research ( IF 5.7 ) Pub Date : 2022-08-05 , DOI: 10.1007/s13346-022-01189-4
Annachiara Dozzo 1 , Aoife Galvin 1 , Jae-Won Shin 2 , Santo Scalia 3 , Caitriona M O'Driscoll 1, 4 , Katie B Ryan 1, 4
Affiliation  

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous malignancy affecting myeloid cells in the bone marrow (BM) but can spread giving rise to impaired hematopoiesis. AML incidence increases with age and is associated with poor prognostic outcomes. There has been a disconnect between the success of novel drug compounds observed in preclinical studies of hematological malignancy and less than exceptional therapeutic responses in clinical trials. This review aims to provide a state-of-the-art overview on the different preclinical models of AML available to expand insights into disease pathology and as preclinical screening tools. Deciphering the complex physiological and pathological processes and developing predictive preclinical models are key to understanding disease progression and fundamental in the development and testing of new effective drug treatments. Standard scaffold-free suspension models fail to recapitulate the complex environment where AML occurs. To this end, we review advances in scaffold/matrix-based 3D models and outline the most recent advances in on-chip technology. We also provide an overview of clinically relevant animal models and review the expanding use of patient-derived samples, which offer the prospect to create more “patient specific” screening tools either in the guise of 3D matrix models, microphysiological “organ-on-chip” tools or xenograft models and discuss representative examples.

Graphical abstract



中文翻译:

急性髓系白血病 (AML) 建模:有什么新进展?从古典到现代的转变

急性髓系白血病 (AML) 是一种异质性恶性肿瘤,影响骨髓 (BM) 中的髓系细胞,但可能会扩散,导致造血功能受损。AML 发病率随着年龄的增长而增加,并与不良预后结果相关。在血液恶性肿瘤临床前研究中观察到的新型药物化合物的成功与临床试验中不太出色的治疗反应之间存在脱节。本综述旨在提供有关 AML 不同临床前模型的最新概述,以扩大对疾病病理学的了解并作为临床前筛查工具。破译复杂的生理和病理过程并开发预测性临床前模型是了解疾病进展的关键,也是开发和测试新的有效药物治疗的基础。标准的无支架悬挂模型无法概括 AML 发生的复杂环境。为此,我们回顾了基于支架/矩阵的 3D 模型的进展,并概述了片上技术的最新进展。我们还概述了临床相关的动物模型,并回顾了患者来源样本的扩大使用,这为创建更多“患者特异性”筛查工具提供了前景,无论是在 3D 矩阵模型、微生理学“芯片器官”的幌子下”工具或异种移植模型并讨论代表性示例。标准的无支架悬挂模型无法概括 AML 发生的复杂环境。为此,我们回顾了基于支架/矩阵的 3D 模型的进展,并概述了片上技术的最新进展。我们还概述了临床相关的动物模型,并回顾了患者来源样本的扩大使用,这为创建更多“患者特异性”筛查工具提供了前景,无论是在 3D 矩阵模型、微生理学“芯片器官”的幌子下”工具或异种移植模型并讨论代表性示例。标准的无支架悬挂模型无法概括 AML 发生的复杂环境。为此,我们回顾了基于支架/矩阵的 3D 模型的进展,并概述了片上技术的最新进展。我们还概述了临床相关的动物模型,并回顾了患者来源样本的扩大使用,这为创建更多“患者特异性”筛查工具提供了前景,无论是在 3D 矩阵模型、微生理学“芯片器官”的幌子下”工具或异种移植模型并讨论代表性示例。

图形概要

更新日期:2022-08-06
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