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The many faces of condominiums and various management structures − The Danish case
Land Use Policy ( IF 6.0 ) Pub Date : 2022-08-04 , DOI: 10.1016/j.landusepol.2022.106273
Morten D. Madsen , Jesper M. Paasch , Esben M. Sørensen

The concept of condominium in Denmark is traditionally associated with owner apartments used for residential purposes (individually owned by the resident). The condominium law translated from Danish: “Law of owner apartments” was primarily intended to support the housing market and was mainly introduced to allow renters to become owners of a rental apartment in a high-rise building, i.e., making it possible forthem to enter the housing market without having to invest in an (often more expensive) traditional house on a real property. However, the law also applies on other nonresidential rooms in a building, thus the expression, many faces, is appropriate. The ownership right to a condominium unit includes a share in all components of the common property. This share also includes the responsibility to pay for common expenses regarding the common components. In traditional high-rise (single-use) buildings the common components of the condominium property include e.g., the outer walls, roof, cellar and a staircase or an elevator. Because of the nature of (single-use) buildings it is often fair to say that all condominium units have an equal benefit of the common components. Thus, it is regarded as being fair that all condominium units contribute to expenses to maintain and renew those common components. Therefore, the condominium law is partly designed to support this benefit-all principle, and the allocation of rights and responsibilities is done mainly by using a co-ownership share, where each condominium unit’s share is calculated using the relative value and size of each condominium unit. The benefit-all principle does not consider the actual benefit of each condominium unit. However, the rise of mixed-use developments in Danish urban planning has made it necessary to further develop and customize the allocation of ownership rights in such mixed-use condominium schemes in order to specify the allocation of ownership rights and responsibilities of common components, mainly because it is not fair to accept that all units have the same benefit of the common components. Based on four case studies all representing mixed-use condominium developments we analyse various management structures used in Danish practice. In our conclusion we propose that condominiums are used broader than original intended for various non-residential purposes and in mixed-use developments. The effect of this, is more complicated condominium schemes that require a customized management structure and allocation of rights and restrictions of common components.



中文翻译:

公寓的多面性和各种管理结构 - 丹麦案例

丹麦共管公寓的概念传统上与用于住宅目的的业主公寓(由居民个人拥有)相关联。丹麦共管公寓法:“业主公寓法”主要是为了支持住房市场,主要是为了让租客成为高层建筑出租公寓的业主,即让他们有可能进入无需在不动产上投资(通常更昂贵)传统房屋。但是,该法律也适用于建筑物中的其他非住宅房间,因此表达,多面,是适当的。公寓单位的所有权包括共有财产的所有组成部分的份额。该份额还包括支付有关共同组件的共同费用的责任。在传统的高层(一次性)建筑中,公寓物业的共同组成部分包括例如外墙、屋顶、地下室和楼梯或电梯。由于(一次性)建筑物的性质,通常可以公平地说,所有公寓单元都具有相同的公共组件优势。因此,所有公寓单位都承担维护和更新这些公共组件的费用,这被认为是公平的。因此,共管公寓法在一定程度上是为了支持这一利益共赢原则,权利和责任的分配主要是通过共同所有权份额来完成的,其中每个公寓单元的份额是根据每个公寓的相对价值和规模来计算的。单元。利益全部原则不考虑每个公寓单元的实际利益。然而,丹麦城市规划中混合用途开发的兴起使得有必要进一步开发和定制此类混合用途公寓计划中的所有权分配,以明确公共组件的所有权和责任分配,主要是因为接受所有单元都具有共同组件的相同好处是不公平的。基于四个代表混合用途公寓开发的案例研究,我们分析了丹麦实践中使用的各种管理结构。在我们的结论中,我们建议公寓的使用范围比最初用于各种非住宅用途和混合用途开发的范围更广。这样做的效果,

更新日期:2022-08-05
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