Grasslands store approximately one third of the global terrestrial carbon stocks and can act as an important soil carbon sink. Recent studies show that plant diversity increases soil organic carbon (SOC) storage by elevating carbon inputs to belowground biomass and promoting microbial necromass contribution to SOC storage. Climate change affects grassland SOC storage by modifying the processes of plant carbon inputs and microbial catabolism and anabolism. Improved grazing management and biodiversity restoration can provide low-cost and/or high-carbon-gain options for natural climate solutions in global grasslands. The achievable SOC sequestration potential in global grasslands is 2.3 to 7.3 billion tons of carbon dioxide equivalents per year (CO 2 e year −1 ) for biodiversity restoration, 148 to 699 megatons of CO 2 e year −1 for improved grazing management, and 147 megatons of CO 2 e year −1 for sown legumes in pasturelands.

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草原土壤固碳：当前的理解、挑战和解决方案

草原储存了大约三分之一的全球陆地碳储量，可以作为重要的土壤碳汇。最近的研究表明，植物多样性通过提高地下生物量的碳输入和促进微生物坏死组织对 SOC 储存的贡献来增加土壤有机碳 (SOC) 储存。气候变化通过改变植物碳输入和微生物分解代谢和合成代谢的过程来影响草地 SOC 储存。改进的放牧管理和生物多样性恢复可以为全球草原的自然气候解决方案提供低成本和/或高碳收益的选择。全球草原可实现的 SOC 封存潜力为每年 2.3 至 73 亿吨二氧化碳当量（CO2年-1) 用于生物多样性恢复，148 至 699 兆吨二氧化碳2年-1用于改善放牧管理，以及 147 兆吨二氧化碳2年-1用于在牧场播种豆类。