In the new era of industry 4.0, improving the energy efficiency and safety is of vital importance for the construction of intelligent building. Here, we report a strong and flame-retardant wood-based triboelectric nanogenerator (FW-TENG) for self-powered building fire protection. Based on a three-step method involving delignification, infiltration with bentonite nanosheets, followed by hot-pressing, the mechanical strength and flame retardancy can be greatly improved. Compared to the natural wood, the flame-retardant wood exhibits a 7.7-fold enhancement in strength, 32% reduction in peak heat release rate, as well as self-extinguishing property. The resulting FW-TENG is further used to develop the self-powered intelligent wireless fire monitoring and escape route guidance system for fire rescue and evacuation. This work extends the application area of self-powered systems to building fire protection, and may greatly promote the development of intelligent buildings and smart cities.

在工业4.0的新时代，提高能源效率和安全性对于智能建筑的建设至关重要。在这里，我们报告了一种用于自供电建筑防火的强大且阻燃的木质摩擦纳米发电机 (FW-TENG)。基于脱木质素、膨润土纳米片渗透、热压三步法，可大大提高机械强度和阻燃性。与天然木材相比，阻燃木材的强度提高了 7.7 倍，峰值放热率降低了 32%，并且具有自熄性。由此产生的FW-TENG进一步用于开发用于火灾救援和疏散的自供电智能无线火灾监测和逃生路线引导系统。