Drilling fluids having a few ecological footprints are extremely desirable, particularly for drilling in the highly complex shale formation zone. In the current work, an anionic surfactant was synthesized in the laboratory using soybean oil and characterized based on Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermal gravimetry analysis (TGA), and critical micelle concentration (CMC) value. The synthesized surfactant was used to formulate and stabilize environmentally-friendly oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion drilling muds, having soybean oil itself as a dispersed phase, for drilling shale formation. A comparative study on the rheological and filtration properties of soybean oil based emulsion mud systems and a conventional diesel oil based emulsion mud system, prepared in the presence of the synthesized surfactant, was also performed. The properties of soybean oil based emulsion mud systems were found to be superior to diesel oil based emulsion mud. The effect of varying oil content and mud additives (i.e., gum acacia or xanthan gum, and bentonite) on the rheological and filtration properties of drilling mud was also investigated in detail in order to achieve an optimum formulation. Considering the high-temperature application, the thermal stability of rheological and filtration properties of developed muds was investigated up to a temperature of 125 °C, and muds were found to be having excellent thermal stability. The developed emulsion mud systems were also found to be showing an excellent tolerance towards mud constituents like salt (KCL). The lubricity of the mud was evaluated, and it appeared that the soyabean oil based mud possesses an excellent lubricity compared to that of diesel oil based mud. The lubricity of the mud increases significantly with the increase in oil concentration. The shale recovery test and core flooding study, respectively, suggested a high shale recovery performance and low formation damage effect for the developed soybean oil-in-water emulsion mud system. The flow curve of developed emulsion muds depicted the excellent shear-thinning behavior, which is a desirable feature in drilling mud. The mud formulated with a composition of 80 vol% water, 20 vol% soybean oil, 0.3 wt% PAC-LVG, 0.4 wt% synthesized surfactant, 2.5 wt% bentonite, and 0.3 wt% gum acacia was found to be behaving as a Cross-model fluid.

具有少量生态足迹的钻井液是非常理想的，特别是对于在高度复杂的页岩地层区进行钻井。在目前的工作中，在实验室中使用大豆油合成了一种阴离子表面活性剂，并基于傅里叶变换红外光谱 (FT-IR)、热重分析 (TGA) 和临界胶束浓度 (CMC) 值对其进行了表征。合成的表面活性剂用于配制和稳定环保型水包油 (O/W) 乳液钻井泥浆，以大豆油本身作为分散相，用于钻井页岩地层。还对大豆油基乳化泥浆体系和在合成表面活性剂存在下制备的常规柴油基乳化泥浆体系的流变和过滤性能进行了比较研究。发现基于大豆油的乳化泥浆体系的性能优于基于柴油的乳化泥浆。还详细研究了不同油含量和泥浆添加剂（即阿拉伯树胶或黄原胶和膨润土）对钻井泥浆的流变和过滤性能的影响，以获得最佳配方。考虑到高温应用，研究了开发泥浆在 125 ℃温度下的流变和过滤性能的热稳定性，发现泥浆具有优异的热稳定性。还发现开发的乳液泥浆系统对盐 (KCL) 等泥浆成分具有出色的耐受性。评估泥浆的润滑性，与柴油基泥浆相比，大豆油基泥浆似乎具有优异的润滑性。泥浆的润滑性随着油浓度的增加而显着增加。页岩采收率试验和岩心驱研究分别表明，开发的大豆水包油乳化泥浆体系具有较高的页岩采收率和较低的地层损害效果。开发的乳化泥浆的流动曲线描绘了优异的剪切稀化行为，这是钻井泥浆的理想特性。发现由 80 vol% 水、20 vol% 大豆油、0.3 wt% PAC-LVG、0.4 wt% 合成表面活性剂、2.5 wt% 膨润土和 0.3 wt% 阿拉伯树胶组成的泥浆表现出十字-模型流体。泥浆的润滑性随着油浓度的增加而显着增加。页岩采收率试验和岩心驱研究分别表明，开发的大豆水包油乳化泥浆体系具有较高的页岩采收率和较低的地层损害效果。开发的乳化泥浆的流动曲线描绘了优异的剪切稀化行为，这是钻井泥浆的理想特性。发现由 80 vol% 水、20 vol% 大豆油、0.3 wt% PAC-LVG、0.4 wt% 合成表面活性剂、2.5 wt% 膨润土和 0.3 wt% 阿拉伯树胶组成的泥浆表现出十字-模型流体。泥浆的润滑性随着油浓度的增加而显着增加。页岩采收率试验和岩心驱研究分别表明，开发的大豆水包油乳化泥浆体系具有较高的页岩采收率和较低的地层损害效果。开发的乳化泥浆的流动曲线描绘了优异的剪切稀化行为，这是钻井泥浆的理想特性。发现由 80 vol% 水、20 vol% 大豆油、0.3 wt% PAC-LVG、0.4 wt% 合成表面活性剂、2.5 wt% 膨润土和 0.3 wt% 阿拉伯树胶组成的泥浆表现出十字-模型流体。开发的乳化泥浆的流动曲线描绘了优异的剪切稀化行为，这是钻井泥浆的理想特性。发现由 80 vol% 水、20 vol% 大豆油、0.3 wt% PAC-LVG、0.4 wt% 合成表面活性剂、2.5 wt% 膨润土和 0.3 wt% 阿拉伯树胶组成的泥浆表现出十字-模型流体。开发的乳化泥浆的流动曲线描绘了优异的剪切稀化行为，这是钻井泥浆的理想特性。发现由 80 vol% 水、20 vol% 大豆油、0.3 wt% PAC-LVG、0.4 wt% 合成表面活性剂、2.5 wt% 膨润土和 0.3 wt% 阿拉伯树胶组成的泥浆表现出十字-模型流体。