The article discusses the problems of asphaltene, resin and paraffin deposition and paraffin control methods in an oil production well. This is a critical issue in the oil and gas industry, especially in the oilfields of the Ural-Volga region (Russia). This work aimed at the development of a basic model of a detergent for hot flushing in oil wells. Traditionally in oilfield practice, well cleanouts are followed by discharge of used flush fluid into production fluid gathering and transportation system. This is a counterproductive and unsustainable practice involving costly chemical agents that retain all their useful properties after use. The authors have developed a water-based detergent model for hot flushing at a target facility. Its process efficiency was evaluated against the use of hydrocarbon solvents. Proposed is the developed solvent technology that will allow to increase its effective use and to reduce costs due to its re-use. The technology's novelty consists in the waste reduction during well cleanout and the increase of process efficiency of measures based on several flushing operations. The theoretical studies have highlighted the possibility of repeated use of the developed detergent, which will considerably reduce the subsoil users' costs.

本文讨论了石油生产井中沥青质、树脂和石蜡的沉积问题以及石蜡控制方法。这是石油和天然气行业的一个关键问题，尤其是在乌拉尔伏尔加地区（俄罗斯）的油田。这项工作旨在开发一种用于油井热冲洗的清洁剂的基本模型。传统上，在油田实践中，清井之后将用过的冲洗液排放到采出液收集和输送系统中。这是一种适得其反且不可持续的做法，涉及昂贵的化学试剂，这些化学试剂在使用后仍保留其所有有用的特性。作者开发了一种用于在目标设施进行热冲洗的水基清洁剂模型。其工艺效率是根据烃类溶剂的使用情况进行评估的。提议的是开发的溶剂技术，该技术将允许增加其有效使用并由于其重复使用而降低成本。该技术的新颖之处在于减少了清井过程中的废物，以及基于多次冲洗操作的措施提高了工艺效率。理论研究强调了重复使用开发的洗涤剂的可能性，这将大大降低地下用户的成本。