Renewed Prospects for Organic Photovoltaics,Chemical Reviews

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Renewed Prospects for Organic Photovoltaics
Chemical Reviews ( IF 51.4 ) Pub Date : 2022-08-05 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00955
Guichuan Zhang _{1,

2} , Francis R Lin _{3,

4} , Feng Qi _{3,

4} , Thomas Heumüller _{5,

6} , Andreas Distler ₅ , Hans-Joachim Egelhaaf _{5,

6} , Ning Li ₁ , Philip C Y Chow ₇ , Christoph J Brabec _{5,

6} , Alex K-Y Jen _{3,

4,

8,

9} , Hin-Lap Yip _{1,

3,

8,

9}

Affiliation

State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
School of Semiconductor Science and Technology, South China Normal University, Foshan 528225, China.
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China.
Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China.
Institute of Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (i-MEET), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Martensstrasse 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
Helmholtz Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg (HI ERN), Immerwahrstrasse 2, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam 999077, Hong Kong, China.
School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China.
Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China.

Organic photovoltaics (OPVs) have progressed steadily through three stages of photoactive materials development: (i) use of poly(3-hexylthiophene) and fullerene-based acceptors (FAs) for optimizing bulk heterojunctions; (ii) development of new donors to better match with FAs; (iii) development of non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs). The development and application of NFAs with an A–D–A configuration (where A = acceptor and D = donor) has enabled devices to have efficient charge generation and small energy losses (E_loss < 0.6 eV), resulting in substantially higher power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) than FA-based devices. The discovery of Y6-type acceptors (Y6 = 2,2′-((2Z,2′Z)-((12,13-bis(2-ethylhexyl)-3,9-diundecyl-12,13-dihydro-[1,2,5]-thiadiazolo[3,4-e]-thieno[2″,3″:4′,5′]thieno-[2′,3′:4,5]pyrrolo-[3,2-g]thieno-[2′,3′:4,5]thieno-[3,2-b]indole-2,10-diyl)bis(methanylylidene))bis(5,6-difluoro-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-indene-2,1-diylidene))dimalononitrile) with an A–DA′ D–A configuration has further propelled the PCEs to go beyond 15% due to smaller E_loss values (∼0.5 eV) and higher external quantum efficiencies. Subsequently, the PCEs of Y6-series single-junction devices have increased to >19% and may soon approach 20%. This review provides an update of recent progress of OPV in the following aspects: developments of novel NFAs and donors, understanding of the structure–property relationships and underlying mechanisms of state-of-the-art OPVs, and tasks underpinning the commercialization of OPVs, such as device stability, module development, potential applications, and high-throughput manufacturing. Finally, an outlook and prospects section summarizes the remaining challenges for the further development of OPV technology.

中文翻译：

有机光伏的新前景

有机光伏（OPV）通过光活性材料开发的三个阶段稳步发展：（i）使用聚（3-己基噻吩）和基于富勒烯的受体（FA）来优化本体异质结；(ii) 开发新的捐助者以更好地与 FA 相匹配；(iii) 非富勒烯受体 (NFA) 的开发。具有 A-D-A 配置（其中 A = 受体，D = 供体）的 NFA 的开发和应用使器件能够高效地产生电荷和较小的能量损失（E _loss < 0.6 eV），从而显着提高功率转换效率 (PCE) 高于基于 FA 的设备。Y6型受体的发现(Y6 = 2,2′-((2 Z , 2′Z)-((12,13-双(2-乙基己基)-3,9-二十一烷基-12,13-二氢-[1,2,5]-噻二唑并[3,4- e ]-噻吩并[2″,3 ″:4′,5′]噻吩-[2′,3′:4,5]吡咯并-[3,2- g ]噻吩-[2′,3′:4,5]噻吩-[3,2- b ]indole-2,10-diyl)bis(methanylylidene))bis(5,6-difluoro-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1 H -indene-2,1-diylidene))dimalononitrile) 与 A -DA' D-A 配置进一步推动 PCE 超过 15%，因为E_损失更小值（~0.5 eV）和更高的外部量子效率。随后，Y6 系列单结器件的 PCE 已增加到 >19%，并可能很快接近 20%。本综述提供了 OPV 在以下方面的最新进展：新型 NFA 和供体的发展，对最先进 OPV 的结构-性质关系和潜在机制的理解，以及支撑 OPV 商业化的任务，例如器件稳定性、模块开发、潜在应用和高通量制造。最后，展望和前景部分总结了 OPV 技术进一步发展的剩余挑战。

更新日期：2022-08-05

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