When it first appeared, multimodal fundus imaging revolutionized the diagnostic workup and provided extremely useful new insights into the pathogenesis of fundus diseases. The recent addition of quantitative approaches has further expanded the amount of information that can be obtained. In spite of the growing interest in advanced quantitative metrics, the scientific community has not reached a stable consensus on repeatable, standardized quantitative techniques to process and analyze the images. Furthermore, imaging artifacts may considerably affect the processing and interpretation of quantitative data, potentially affecting their reliability. The aim of this survey is to provide a comprehensive summary of the main multimodal imaging techniques, covering their limitations as well as their strengths. We also offer a thorough analysis of current quantitative imaging metrics, looking into their technical features, limitations, and interpretation. In addition, we describe the main imaging artifacts and their potential impact on imaging quality and reliability. The prospect of increasing reliance on artificial intelligence-based analyses suggests there is a need to develop more sophisticated quantitative metrics and to improve imaging technologies, incorporating clear, standardized, post-processing procedures. These measures are becoming urgent if these analyses are to cross the threshold from a research context to real-life clinical practice.

当它首次出现时，多模式眼底成像彻底改变了诊断检查，并为眼底疾病的发病机制提供了极其有用的新见解。最近添加的定量方法进一步扩大了可以获得的信息量。尽管对先进的定量指标越来越感兴趣，但科学界尚未就处理和分析图像的可重复、标准化的定量技术达成稳定的共识。此外，成像伪影可能会显着影响定量数据的处理和解释，从而可能影响其可靠性。本次调查的目的是全面总结主要的多模态成像技术，涵盖它们的局限性和优势。我们还提供对当前定量成像指标的全面分析，研究它们的技术特征、局限性和解释。此外，我们还描述了主要的成像伪影及其对成像质量和可靠性的潜在影响。越来越依赖基于人工智能的分析的前景表明，有必要开发更复杂的定量指标并改进成像技术，并结合清晰、标准化的后处理程序。如果这些分析要跨越从研究背景到现实生活临床实践的门槛，这些措施就变得紧迫。我们描述了主要的成像伪影及其对成像质量和可靠性的潜在影响。越来越依赖基于人工智能的分析的前景表明，有必要开发更复杂的定量指标并改进成像技术，并结合清晰、标准化的后处理程序。如果这些分析要跨越从研究背景到现实生活临床实践的门槛，这些措施就变得紧迫。我们描述了主要的成像伪影及其对成像质量和可靠性的潜在影响。越来越依赖基于人工智能的分析的前景表明，有必要开发更复杂的定量指标并改进成像技术，并结合清晰、标准化的后处理程序。如果这些分析要跨越从研究背景到现实生活临床实践的门槛，这些措施就变得紧迫。