The lithium (Li)-metal anode offers a promising solution for high-energy-density lithium-metal batteries (LMBs). However, the significant volume expansion of the Li metal during charging results in poor cycling stability as a result of the dendritic deposition and broken solid electrolyte interphase. Herein, a facile one-step roll-to-roll fabrication of a zero-volume-expansion Li-metal-composite anode (zeroVE-Li) is proposed to realize high-energy-density LMBs with outstanding electrochemical and mechanical stability. The zeroVE-Li possesses a sandwich-like trilayer structure, which consists of an upper electron-insulating layer and a bottom lithiophilic layer that synergistically guides the Li deposition from the bottom up, and a middle porous layer that eliminates volume expansion. This sandwich structure eliminates dendrite formation, prevents volume change during cycling, and provides outstanding flexibility to the Li-metal anode even at a practical areal capacity over 3.0 mAh cm⁻². Pairing zeroVE-Li with a commercial NMC₈₁₁ or LCO cathode, flexible LMBs that offer a record-breaking figure of merit (FOM, 45.6), large whole-cell energy density (375 Wh L⁻¹, based on the volume of the anode, separator, cathode, and package), high-capacity retention (> 99.8% per cycle), and remarkable mechanical robustness under practical conditions are demonstrated.

中文翻译：

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卷对卷制造零体积膨胀锂复合阳极实现高能量密度柔性和稳定的锂金属电池

锂 (Li) 金属负极为高能量密度锂金属电池 (LMB) 提供了一种很有前景的解决方案。然而，充电过程中锂金属的显着体积膨胀导致枝晶沉积和固体电解质界面破裂导致循环稳定性差。在此，提出了一种简单的一步卷对卷制造零体积膨胀锂金属复合负极（zeroVE-Li），以实现具有出色电化学和机械稳定性的高能量密度LMB。zeroVE-Li具有三明治式三层结构，由上层电子绝缘层和下层亲锂层组成，从下到上协同引导锂沉积，中间多孔层消除体积膨胀。这种夹层结构消除了枝晶的形成，^-2。将 zeroVE-Li 与商业 NMC ₈₁₁或 LCO 阴极配对，提供创纪录的品质因数 (FOM, 45.6)、大的全电池能量密度 (375 Wh L ^-1，基于阳极的体积)的柔性 LMB 、隔膜、阴极和封装）、高容量保持率（> 99.8%/循环）和在实际条件下显着的机械鲁棒性。