The surface-layer composition of Pb–Na alloys is studied using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy with a device for local chemical analysis. It is shown that lead and sodium are present in the surface, both in the metallic and in the oxide states. Fragments of hydrocarbon compounds contaminating the sample surface are found in larger quantities in the surfaces of the studied samples. Surface treatment with an ion beam only reduces the thickness of the contaminated layer. In contrast to the method of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, the scanning-electron-microscopy method makes it possible to detect elements that are part of the substrate in the surfaces of the studied samples: Ca, Fe, Ti, Si and Ni. It is observed that the position of the sodium-adsorption peak with a temperature increase shifts on the composition scale. This is associated with the dissociation of large quasi-molecular formations that appear on the surface at lower temperatures in the form of interaction products of Pb, Na, and elements present on the surface of the substrate used, as well as fragments of hydrocarbon compounds contaminating the surface of the alloys under study.

使用 X 射线光电子能谱和扫描电子显微镜以及局部化学分析装置研究 Pb-Na 合金的表层成分。结果表明，铅和钠以金属和氧化物状态存在于表面中。在研究样品的表面中发现了大量污染样品表面的碳氢化合物碎片。用离子束进行表面处理只会降低污染层的厚度。与 X 射线光电子能谱法相比，扫描电子显微镜法可以检测所研究样品表面中作为基底一部分的元素：Ca、Fe、Ti、Si 和 Ni。观察到钠吸附峰的位置随着温度的升高在组成尺度上发生变化。这与在较低温度下以 Pb、Na 和存在于所用基材表面上的元素的相互作用产物的形式出现在表面上的大准分子结构的解离有关，以及碳氢化合物的碎片污染正在研究的合金的表面。