In the current investigation, the removal of Levafix Fast Red CA (LFR) and Levafix Amber CA (LA) azo-dyes from aqueous media using the Fenton/adsorption processes has been carried out. The water treatment by-product, namely alum sludge (AS), was successfully collected and calcined to various temperatures, i.e., 400, 600 and 800 °C, then tested for use as a catalyst in the Fenton/adsorption processes. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) transmittance spectrum analysis and Transmission electron microscopy techniques (TEM) were applied to investigate the structural and morphological properties of such a catalyst. The results displayed that the calcined AS at 400 °C (AS400) showed the best photocatalytic activity under ultraviolet illumination and sunlight irradiation. The results indicated that the adsorption/Fenton’s oxidation systems are efficient for treatment and eliminating such types of reactive dyes. The oxidation reaction using Fenton’s reagent reached 99.9 and 86% removal for LFR and LA dyes, respectively. The operating conditions revealed that the reaction was maximized at the operational parameters of 1 g/L and 800 mg/L for AS400 and H₂O₂ at acidic pH (3.0). The process of single dyes was studied either from thermodynamic and kinetic viewpoints and the data exhibited that the reaction is followed a pseudo-second- order kinetic model and an exothermic reaction nature. The practical application of such byproduct waste used as a photocatalyst source through using natural solar radiation introduces an industrial ecology approach in treating dye effluents for safer environment.

在目前的调查中，已经使用 Fenton/吸附工艺从水性介质中去除 Levafix Fast Red CA (LFR) 和 Levafix Amber CA (LA) 偶氮染料。水处理副产品，即明矾泥 (AS)，成功收集并煅烧至各种温度，即 400、600 和 800 °C，然后测试用作芬顿/吸附过程中的催化剂。应用傅里叶变换红外 (FT-IR) 透射光谱分析和透射电子显微镜技术 (TEM) 来研究这种催化剂的结构和形态特性。结果表明，400 ℃煅烧的AS（AS400）在紫外光照和太阳光照射下表现出最好的光催化活性。结果表明吸附/芬顿氧化系统对处理和消除这类活性染料是有效的。使用 Fenton 试剂的氧化反应对 LFR 和 LA 染料的去除率分别达到 99.9% 和 86%。操作条件表明，在 AS400 和 H 的操作参数为 1 g/L 和 800 mg/L 时反应最大化₂ O ₂在酸性 pH (3.0)。从热力学和动力学的角度研究了单一染料的过程，数据表明该反应遵循准二级动力学模型和放热反应性质。通过使用自然太阳辐射将这种副产品废物用作光催化剂源的实际应用引入了一种工业生态学方法来处理染料流出物以获得更安全的环境。