Body image disturbance is core to the psychopathology of eating disorders (EDs), and related disorders such as muscle dysmorphia (MD). Global measures of body image fail to quantify specific aspects of body image disturbance that characterizes EDs, and may be differentially associated to outcomes. The aim of this systematic review was to provide an overview of specific body image facets and synthesize findings from controlled studies that compared clinical ED/MD and control-comparison groups in body image disturbance. One-hundred sixty-seven studies met inclusion criteria, and reported on comparisons among 30,584 individuals in 28 body image facets, which were more broadly grouped into evaluative, perceptual, cognitive-affective and motivational categories for the purpose of the present review. Effect sizes were calculated as Cohen’s d for every comparison between ED and control groups. Body dissatisfaction (evaluative category) was the most prevalent facet assessed across studies (62 %), and differences between clinical and control groups were the largest in this category, especially for bulimia nervosa (d = 1.37). Scarcity of studies with male and MD clinical samples, and use of single-item and non-validated measures, should encourage development of instruments for body image facets pertinent to EDs and MD that can be validly applied across gender.

身体形象障碍是饮食失调 (ED) 和相关疾病如肌肉畸形 (MD) 的精神病理学的核心。身体形象的整体测量无法量化 ED 特征的身体形象障碍的特定方面，并且可能与结果有不同的关联。本系统评价的目的是概述特定的身体形象方面，并综合对照研究的结果，这些对照研究比较了临床 ED/MD 和对照比较组在身体形象障碍方面的情况。167 项研究符合纳入标准，并报告了 28 个身体形象方面的 30,584 人之间的比较，出于本审查的目的，这些方面更广泛地分为评估、感知、认知情感和动机类别。效应量计算为 Cohen 的d用于 ED 和对照组之间的每次比较。身体不满意（评估类别）是跨研究评估的最普遍的方面（62%），临床组和对照组之间的差异在这一类别中最大，尤其是神经性贪食症（d  = 1.37）。男性和 MD 临床样本的研究稀缺，以及使用单项和未经验证的措施，应该鼓励开发与 ED 和 MD 相关的身体图像方面的工具，这些工具可以跨性别有效应用。