Dust control is of great significance to industrial process safety and environmental protection. Wet dust reduction is the most commonly used dust control technology, and the physical and chemical properties of water are closely related to its dust reduction ability. In order to improve dust reduction efficiency, scholars have done much fruitful work in the physical and chemical modification of water. It is essential to summarize the progress of this research direction and shows what is lacking at present in recent years. This paper reviews the research progress on improving the performance of water for dust reduction by physical and chemical methods in the past ten years. The physical methods are mainly adopted to improve dust reduction performance in spray technologies, which include air atomization, ultrasonic atomization, magnetized water and water mist charging. And the chemical methods are mainly used to prepare dust suppression materials, which can be distinguished by single-phase dust suppressants and gas-liquid two-phase dust suppression foam. In this paper, we analyze the advantages as well as disadvantages of various methods and point out the unresolved issues. Furthermore, the development directions are proposed to provide meaningful guidance for wet dust reduction technologies.

粉尘治理对工业过程安全和环境保护具有重要意义。湿法降尘是最常用的降尘技术，水的物理化学性质与其降尘能力密切相关。为了提高除尘效率，学者们在水的物理化学改性方面做了大量卓有成效的工作。有必要对这一研究方向的进展进行总结，并指出近年来的不足。本文综述了近十年来通过物理和化学方法提高水降尘性能的研究进展。喷雾技术中主要采用物理方法来提高降尘性能，其中包括空气雾化，超声波雾化，磁化水和水雾充电。而化学方法主要用于制备抑尘材料，可区分为单相抑尘剂和气液两相抑尘泡沫。在本文中，我们分析了各种方法的优缺点，并指出了尚未解决的问题。此外，提出了发展方向，为湿法降尘技术提供有意义的指导。