Honesty and deception have unique antecedents and consequences within the context of healthcare, relative to other social contexts. While modern professional standards emphasize honesty and avoidance of deception as paramount, empirical work from clinical practice settings reveal that deception remains widespread. This paper provides an overview of the current theoretical and scientific evidence regarding the use and potential consequences of deception of patients by clinicians. This includes the evolving professional standards and the roles of therapeutic dishonesty, collaborative deception, truth and trust in medicine, informed consent, and the outcomes of deception.

中文翻译：

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欺骗、诚实和专业精神：现代医学的持久挑战

相对于其他社会背景，诚实和欺骗在医疗保健背景下具有独特的前因和后果。虽然现代专业标准强调诚实和避免欺骗是最重要的，但临床实践环境中的实证研究表明，欺骗仍然普遍存在。本文概述了当前关于临床医生欺骗患者的使用和潜在后果的理论和科学证据。这包括不断发展的专业标准和治疗不诚实、合作欺骗、对医学的真实和信任、知情同意和欺骗的结果的作用。