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Low-tortuous and dense single-particle-layer electrode for high-energy lithium-sulfur batteries
Energy & Environmental Science ( IF 32.5 ) Pub Date : 2022-07-29 , DOI: 10.1039/d2ee01442d
Shuo Feng , Rajesh K Singh , Yucheng Fu , Zhuo Li , Yulong Wang , Jie Bao , Zhijie Xu , Guosheng Li , Cassidy S. Anderson , Lili Shi , Yuehe Lin , Peter Khalifah , Wei Wang , Jun Liu , Jie Xiao , Dongping Lu

Reducing cathode porosity is essential to balancing the electrolyte distribution in lithium–sulfur (Li–S) cells, conserving more pore-filling electrolyte to extend cell cycle life. However, low-porosity electrodes built with nanosized sulfur/carbon (S/C) materials suffer from high tortuosity that significantly deteriorates electrode wetting and hence sulfur utilization. Enabling operation of high-loading sulfur electrodes under both low-porosity and lean-electrolyte conditions is still a challenge and is seldom discussed. In this study, we demonstrated a facile strategy for constructing low-tortuosity through-pores across both vertical and planar directions of electrodes by casting large particles into single-particle-layer electrodes. Through multi-scale characterizations and simulations, correlations between material/electrode structures, electrolyte permeability, polysulfide migration, and sulfur reactions were elucidated. The high-loading and dense sulfur cathode fabricated by this method delivers a high specific capacity (>1000 mA h g−1) at a very low electrolyte/sulfur (E/S) ratio of 4 μL mg−1. This study provides a practical approach to reducing the tortuosity of dense sulfur electrodes by manipulating the porosity distribution, which would be also applicable to improving the rate capability of other high-energy electrodes.

中文翻译:

用于高能锂硫电池的低曲折致密单粒子层电极

降低阴极孔隙率对于平衡锂硫 (Li-S) 电池中的电解质分布、保存更多的孔填充电解质以延长电池循环寿命至关重要。然而,用纳米级硫/碳 (S/C) 材料构建的低孔隙率电极具有高曲折性,这会显着降低电极润湿性,从而降低硫的利用率。在低孔隙率和贫电解质条件下实现高负载硫电极的运行仍然是一个挑战,很少讨论。在这项研究中,我们展示了一种简便的策略,通过将大颗粒浇铸到单颗粒层电极中,在电极的垂直和平面方向上构建低曲折度的通孔。通过多尺度表征和模拟,材料/电极结构之间的相关性,阐明了电解质渗透性、多硫化物迁移和硫反应。通过这种方法制造的高负载和致密硫正极具有高比容量(>1000 mA hg-1 ) 在 4 μL mg -1的非常低的电解质/硫 (E/S) 比率下。该研究提供了一种通过控制孔隙率分布来降低致密硫电极弯曲度的实用方法,该方法也适用于提高其他高能电极的倍率性能。
更新日期:2022-07-29
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