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The Demographics of School District Secession
Social Forces ( IF 3.3 ) Pub Date : 2022-07-29 , DOI: 10.1093/sf/soac069
Alexandra Cooperstock 1
Affiliation  

School segregation has been a topic of significant sociological research in the United States. Less attention has been devoted to understanding the relationship between school district inequalities and secession, a political tool that forms new boundaries after a formal withdrawal from an existing school district. This paper analyzes the school district secession attempts that have occurred since the year 2000 using national data and builds upon qualitative research and case studies focused on a single region or metropolitan area. Drawing on social closure theory, I explore the community characteristics associated with secession attempts. To do so, I create a measure of social imbalance that leverages the geographic variation between places attempting a secession and the school districts they are nested within. Results indicate that the percentage of residents with a college degree is among the strongest predictors of secession attempts, highlighting the salience of educational attainment at the population-level for selecting into the use of this political tool. Results also indicate that school districts successfully created through secession cleave onto racial and economic divides for both the residential and student populations, driven by secessions located in the South. School district secession processes elucidate the many pathways by which school segregation is produced and perpetuated, including micro-level school and neighborhood selection decisions, jurisdictional restructuring of district boundaries, and the national and state-level legal landscape.

中文翻译:

学区分离的人口统计

学校隔离一直是美国重要的社会学研究课题。较少关注了解学区不平等与分裂之间的关系,这是一种在正式退出现有学区后形成新边界的政治工具。本文使用国家数据分析了自 2000 年以来发生的学区分离尝试,并建立在针对单个地区或大都市区的定性研究和案例研究的基础上。借鉴社会封闭理论,我探讨了与分离尝试相关的社区特征。为此,我创建了一种社会失衡衡量标准,该衡量标准利用了试图分离的地方与它们所在的学区之间的地理差异。结果表明,拥有大学学位的居民的百分比是分裂企图的最强预测因素之一,突出了人口水平的教育程度对于选择使用这种政治工具的重要性。结果还表明,通过分裂成功地创建了学区,在南部分裂的推动下,居民和学生群体的种族和经济鸿沟都被分裂了。学区分离过程阐明了产生和延续学校隔离的许多途径,包括微观层面的学校和社区选择决策、地区边界的管辖权重组以及国家和州层面的法律环境。强调人口一级受教育程度对于选择使用这一政治工具的重要性。结果还表明,通过分裂成功地创建了学区,在南部分裂的推动下,居民和学生群体的种族和经济鸿沟都被分裂了。学区分离过程阐明了产生和延续学校隔离的许多途径,包括微观层面的学校和社区选择决策、地区边界的管辖权重组以及国家和州层面的法律环境。强调人口一级受教育程度对于选择使用这一政治工具的重要性。结果还表明,通过分裂成功地创建了学区,在南部分裂的推动下,居民和学生群体的种族和经济鸿沟都被分裂了。学区分离过程阐明了产生和延续学校隔离的许多途径,包括微观层面的学校和社区选择决策、地区边界的管辖权重组以及国家和州层面的法律环境。结果还表明,通过分裂成功地创建了学区,在南部分裂的推动下,居民和学生群体的种族和经济鸿沟都被分裂了。学区分离过程阐明了产生和延续学校隔离的许多途径,包括微观层面的学校和社区选择决策、地区边界的管辖权重组以及国家和州层面的法律环境。结果还表明,通过分裂成功地创建了学区,在南部分裂的推动下,居民和学生群体的种族和经济鸿沟都被分裂了。学区分离过程阐明了产生和延续学校隔离的许多途径,包括微观层面的学校和社区选择决策、地区边界的管辖权重组以及国家和州层面的法律环境。
更新日期:2022-07-29
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