Cold heavy oil production with sand (CHOPS) is a primary production method used for heavy oil reservoirs with no requirements of external energy consumption. A new model for CHOPS is simulated by incorporating wormhole propagation and foamy oil behaviour mechanisms to evaluate the recovery of an extra-heavy oil reservoir of the Athabasca region. The most critical mechanisms of CHOPS, wormhole propagation and foamy oil behaviour, are captured by using Wang's model for wormhole propagation and Uddin's model of gas exsolution. After 120 months of simulation, 53.38%, 99.76%, and 100% of wormhole propagation were achieved during three time steps of 12, 48, and 60 months, respectively, toward the sides of the studied reservoir section. The propagation was achieved within all directions of the investigated section compatible with the erratic nature of wormhole propagation. Furthermore, the application of Uddin's model was incorporated into production by reducing the fluid viscosity as a result of the foamy oil behaviour. Over 3% of the recovery was achieved at the end of the primary CHOPS phase simulation by taking into account that we modelled the recovery based on highly viscous oil with API 7.5. Finally, the model can provide an improved understanding of the primary CHOPS process by considering its two significant mechanisms.

中文翻译：

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含砂模拟的冷稠油生产，包括虫洞传播和泡沫油行为

稠油冷采砂（CHOPS）是稠油油藏主要的一种生产方法，不需要外部能源消耗。通过结合虫洞传播和泡沫油行为机制来模拟 CHOPS 的新模型，以评估阿萨巴斯卡地区超稠油油藏的采收率。通过使用 Wang 的虫洞传播模型和 Uddin 的气体外溶模型，捕获了 CHOPS、虫洞传播和泡沫油行为的最关键机制。经过 120 个月的模拟，在 12、48 和 60 个月的三个时间步长期间，分别实现了 53.38%、99.76% 和 100% 的虫洞传播，朝向所研究的水库剖面两侧。传播是在与虫洞传播的不稳定性质兼容的调查部分的所有方向内实现的。此外，Uddin 模型的应用通过降低流体粘度作为泡沫油行为的结果被纳入生产。考虑到我们基于 API 7.5 的高粘度油对采收率进行建模，在初级 CHOPS 阶段模拟结束时实现了超过 3% 的采收率。最后，该模型可以通过考虑其两个重要机制来改进对主要 CHOPS 过程的理解。考虑到我们基于 API 7.5 的高粘度油对采收率进行建模，在初级 CHOPS 阶段模拟结束时实现了超过 3% 的采收率。最后，该模型可以通过考虑其两个重要机制来改进对主要 CHOPS 过程的理解。考虑到我们基于 API 7.5 的高粘度油对采收率进行建模，在初级 CHOPS 阶段模拟结束时实现了超过 3% 的采收率。最后，该模型可以通过考虑其两个重要机制来改进对主要 CHOPS 过程的理解。