A cost-efficient and environmentally friendly biofiltration system is essential for desulfurization to recover elemental sulfur and sulfate for extensively remediating H₂S. This work investigated the H₂S removal capacity, accumulation of desulfurization products, sulfur balance, microbial community, and the pathway for sulfide oxidation under different O₂ doses (1%, 3%, 5%, and 10%). The results showed that the removal efficiency of H₂S increased from 94.1% to 100.0% with the increase of O₂ dose. At 1% O₂, the elimination capacity (EC) was 5.72 ± 0.33 gH₂S m^–3 h^–1, and about 78.13% of S⁰-S was generated. However, with stepwise increase of O₂ concentration to 10%, the EC became 6.00 ± 0.35 gH₂S m^–3 h^–1, and SO₄^2–-S was the dominant product at 80.39%. Furthermore, the sulfur balance was verified by calculating the proportion of sulfur compounds (S⁰-S, SO₄²⁻-S, and SO₃²⁻-S) and comparing the microstructure of packing material in the biotrickling filter. Moreover, 16 S rRNA high-throughput sequencing analysis showed that the cooperation of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria in the biofiltration system was the key to the stable and efficient removal of H₂S. In addition, possible reaction pathways in which H₂S was transformed to S⁰ and SO₄²⁻ were proposed.

具有成本效益和环保的生物过滤系统对于脱硫回收元素硫和硫酸盐以广泛修复 H ₂ S 至关重要。这项工作研究了 H ₂ S 去除能力、脱硫产物的积累、硫平衡、微生物群落和途径_{用于不同 O 2}剂量（1%、3%、5% 和 10%）下的硫化物氧化。_{结果表明，随着O 2}用量的增加，H ₂ S的去除率从94.1%提高到100.0%。在 1% O ₂下，消除容量 (EC) 为 5.72 ± 0.33 gH ₂ S m ^–3 h ^–1，生成了约78.13%的S ⁰ -S。然而，随着 O ₂浓度逐步增加到 10%，EC 变为 6.00 ± 0.35 gH ₂ S m ^–3 h ^–1，SO ₄ ^2– -S 是主要产物，达到 80.39%。此外，通过计算硫化合物（S ⁰ -S、SO ₄ ^2- -S 和 SO ₃ ^2--S) 并比较生物滴滤器中填料的微观结构。此外，16 S rRNA高通量测序分析表明，生物过滤系统中硫氧化菌的协同作用是稳定高效去除H ₂ S的关键。此外，H ₂ S转化的可能反应途径提出了 S ⁰和 SO ₄ ²⁻。