The function of platelets – and thereby the balance between thrombosis and hemostasis – critically depends on their lipid composition. At the same time, platelets are capable of interacting with inflammatory cells by releasing lipids in a paracrine manner. Over the years, many studies have emphasized the importance of both, membrane and signaling lipids, in the signaling pathways underlying arterial thrombosis and chronic inflammation. In line with this, an imbalance of platelet lipid homeostasis is associated with thrombo-inflammatory diseases such as acute coronary syndrome. By establishing quantitative platelet lipidomic analysis, an opportunity has arisen to deepen our knowledge about platelet lipids regulating thrombo-inflammation and vice versa. Past and future investigations in this upcoming field are of great clinical importance since they will presumably pave the way for the identification of novel biomarkers. In addition, targeting specific regulators of the platelet lipid metabolism is a promising strategy to receive both anti-thrombotic and anti-inflammatory therapeutics and could be beneficial to a wide variety of patients with vascular thrombo-inflammatory diseases.

This review summarizes the latest scientific findings in the field of platelet lipidomics research and does so by focusing on the metabolism of sphingolipids, oxylipins and phosphoinositides, which are affected by dynamic modifications in a pathophysiological manner. Further, this review elucidates the impact of these platelet lipids on thrombo-inflammatory cardiovascular diseases and highlights potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets.

血小板的功能——以及血栓形成和止血之间的平衡——主要取决于它们的脂质成分。同时，血小板能够通过旁分泌方式释放脂质与炎症细胞相互作用。多年来，许多研究都强调了膜和信号脂质在动脉血栓形成和慢性炎症的信号通路中的重要性。与此一致，血小板脂质稳态失衡与急性冠状动脉综合征等血栓炎性疾病有关。通过建立定量血小板脂质组学分析，有机会加深我们对血小板脂质调节血栓炎症的认识，反之亦然。在这个即将到来的领域的过去和未来的研究具有重要的临床意义，因为它们可能会为识别新的生物标志物铺平道路。此外，靶向血小板脂质代谢的特定调节剂是一种有前途的策略，可以同时接受抗血栓形成和抗炎治疗，并且可能对各种患有血管血栓炎性疾病的患者有益。

这篇综述总结了血小板脂质组学研究领域的最新科学发现，并重点关注了受病理生理学方式动态修饰影响的鞘脂、氧脂和磷酸肌醇的代谢。此外，本综述阐明了这些血小板脂质对血栓炎症性心血管疾病的影响，并强调了潜在的诊断和治疗靶点。