The adolescent athlete faces a number of developmental challenges that occur alongside pursuit of their sporting goals. These include the pressures to perform at a high level but also to develop emotionally and physically to the demands of training and competition. Medical professionals caring for adolescent athletes, must be aware of and help them to achieve a defining metabolic milestone early on in life known as peak bone mass (PBM). With approximately 90% of PBM achieved by the age of 18, this early stage of development is sometimes called the ‘bone bank’1 and is a major predictor of long-term osteoporotic fracture risk.2 The input from medical teams during this window of opportunity is crucial to support appropriate bone development, both for a career during and after sport.3 4 The peripubertal years are defined by several key milestones that have traditionally been used to assess adolescent development. These include physical signs (peak height velocity/secondary sexual characteristics) as well as radiographic measures of bone age (Tanner-Whitehouse staging). Although these stages can be identified clinically, indications for measuring PBM in this age group when asymptomatic are less well defined.5 The fastest rate of …

中文翻译：

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青少年运动员的代谢十字路口：在运动发育过程中达到峰值骨量

青少年运动员在追求运动目标的过程中面临着许多发展挑战。这些包括在高水平上表现的压力，以及在情感和身体上发展以满足训练和比赛要求的压力。照顾青少年运动员的医疗专业人员必须了解并帮助他们在生命早期达到一个定义性的代谢里程碑，即峰值骨量 (PBM)。大约 90% 的 PBM 在 18 岁时达到，这个发育的早期阶段有时被称为“骨库”1，是长期骨质疏松性骨折风险的主要预测指标。 2对于运动期间和运动后的职业生涯而言，机会对于支持适当的骨骼发育至关重要。3 4 围青春期由几个传统上用于评估青少年发育的关键里程碑来定义。这些包括体征（身高增长速度峰值/第二性征）以及骨龄的射线照相测量（Tanner-Whitehouse 分期）。虽然这些阶段可以在临床上确定，但在这个年龄组无症状时测量 PBM 的指征不太明确。5 最快的速度......