How do individuals guide their activities towards some goal? Harry Frankfurt once identified the task of explaining guidance as the central problem in action theory. An explanation has proved to be elusive, however. In this paper, I show how we can marshal empirical research to make explanatory progress. I contend that human agents have a primitive capacity to guide visual attention, and that this capacity is actually constituted by a sub-individual psychological control-system: the executive system. I thus illustrate how we can explain exercises of individual-level guidance by appeal to its sub-individual constitution. This opens up a new avenue for explicating agency.

中文翻译：

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解释机构：视觉注意的案例

个人如何引导他们的活动朝着某个目标前进？Harry Frankfurt 曾经将解释指导的任务确定为行动理论的核心问题。然而，事实证明一个解释是难以捉摸的。在本文中，我展示了我们如何整合实证研究以取得解释性进展。我认为人类主体具有引导视觉注意力的原始能力，而这种能力实际上是由一个亚个体的心理控制系统构成的：执行系统。因此，我说明了我们如何通过诉诸其亚个体构成来解释个体层面指导的练习。这为解释代理开辟了一条新途径。