Although trauma exposure is a recognized risk factor for alcohol use, research on military populations has emphasized combat exposure, with minimal consideration of exposure to other potentially traumatic events (PTEs). We aimed to (a) identify, characterize, and quantify subgroups of service members based on PTE patterns; (b) examine associations between trauma exposure subgroups and alcohol use; and (c) examine these associations longitudinally. Data were drawn from Operation: SAFETY, a longitudinal study of health and well-being among U.S. Army Reserve/National Guard soldiers (N = 478). Exposure to 15 PTEs, including childhood maltreatment, noninterpersonal events (e.g., natural disasters, accidents), interpersonal trauma, and military-related exposures, was assessed at baseline. Latent profile analysis was conducted to characterize mutually exclusive trauma profiles; profile membership was used to longitudinally predict alcohol use in generalized estimating equation models. Four exposure profiles were identified: intimate partner violence (IPV)/combat trauma (8.4%, n = 40), combat trauma (24.7%, n = 118), childhood trauma (8.4%, n = 40), and low trauma (58.6%, n = 280). In adjusted models, compared to the low trauma profile, IPV/combat profile membership was longitudinally associated with alcohol problems, OR = 2.44, p =.005. Membership in other trauma profiles was not associated with alcohol use. Within the IPV/combat profile, men had a higher risk of frequent heavy drinking than women. Results suggest a need to comprehensively screen for lifetime PTE exposure, particularly IPV, in military populations. Given the high prevalence of nonmilitary PTEs, an inclusive, trauma-informed approach to health care and service provision is warranted.

中文翻译：

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美国预备役和国民警卫队士兵的一生创伤暴露情况和酒精使用情况


尽管创伤暴露是公认的饮酒危险因素，但对军人人群的研究强调了战斗暴露，而很少考虑暴露于其他潜在的创伤事件（PTE）。我们的目标是 (a) 根据 PTE 模式识别、描述和量化服役人员的子群体； (b) 检查创伤暴露亚组与饮酒之间的关联； (c) 纵向检查这些关联。数据来自“安全行动”，这是一项针对美国陆军预备役/国民警卫队士兵健康和福祉的纵向研究（ N = 478）。在基线时评估了 15 种 PTE 暴露情况，包括儿童虐待、非人际事件（例如自然灾害、事故）、人际创伤和军事相关暴露。进行潜在特征分析以表征相互排斥的创伤特征；个人资料成员资格用于纵向预测广义估计方程模型中的酒精使用情况。确定了四种暴露情况：亲密伴侣暴力 (IPV)/战斗创伤（8.4%， n = 40）、战斗创伤（24.7%， n = 118）、童年创伤（8.4%， n = 40）和低度创伤（ 58.6%， n = 280）。在调整后的模型中，与低创伤特征相比，IPV/战斗特征成员资格与酒精问题纵向相关， OR = 2.44， p = .005。其他创伤档案的成员资格与饮酒无关。在 IPV/战斗概况中，男性经常酗酒的风险高于女性。结果表明，需要全面筛查军人终生 PTE 暴露情况，尤其是 IPV。 鉴于非军事 PTE 的高患病率，有必要采取包容性、创伤知情的方法来提供医疗保健和服务。