Permeable adsorptive barriers (PABs) consisting of individual (compost, zeolite, and brown coal) and composite (brown coal-compost and zeolite-compost) adsorbents were evaluated for their hydraulic performance and effectiveness in removing aqueous benzene using batch and column experiments. Different adsorption isotherms and kinetic models and different formulations of the equilibrium advection-dispersion equation (ADE) were evaluated for their capabilities to describe the benzene sorption in the media. The batch experiments showed that the adsorption of benzene by the adsorbents was favourable and could be adequately described by the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Particle attrition and structural reorganization occurred in the columns, possibly introducing preferential flow paths and resulting in slight changes in the final hydraulic conductivity values (4.3 × 10⁻⁵ cm s⁻¹–1.7 × 10⁻³ cm s⁻¹) relative to the initial values (4.2 × 10⁻⁵ cm s⁻¹–2.14 × 10⁻³ cm s⁻¹). Despite the fact that preferential flow appeared to have an impact on the performance of the investigated adsorbents, the brown coal-compost mixture proved to be the most effective adsorbent. It significantly delayed benzene breakthrough (R = 29), indicating that it can be applied as a low-cost effective adsorbent in PABs for sustainable remediation of benzene-contaminated groundwater. The formulated transport models could fairly describe the behaviour of benzene in the investigated media under dynamic flow conditions; however, model refinement and additional experimental studies are needed before pilot/full-scale applications to improve the fits and verify the benzene removal processes. Our results generally demonstrate how such studies can be useful in evaluating potential reactive barrier materials.

使用批次和柱实验评估了由单个（堆肥、沸石和褐煤）和复合（褐煤-堆肥和沸石-堆肥）吸附剂组成的渗透吸附屏障 (PAB) 的水力性能和去除含水苯的有效性。评估了不同的吸附等温线和动力学模型以及平衡对流-分散方程 (ADE) 的不同公式来描述苯吸附的能力在媒体上。批量实验表明，吸附剂对苯的吸附是有利的，可以用 Freundlich 和 Langmuir 等温线和准二级动力学模型充分描述。柱中发生颗粒磨损和结构重组，可能引入优先流动路径并导致最终水力传导率值（4.3 × 10^-5 cm s^-1–1.7 × 10^-3 cm s^-1）相对于初始值 (4.2 × 10^-5 cm s^-1–2.14 × 10^-3 cm s^-1）。尽管优先流动似乎对所研究吸附剂的性能有影响，但褐煤-堆肥混合物被证明是最有效的吸附剂。它显着延迟了苯的突破（R  = 29），表明它可以作为一种低成本有效的吸附剂在PABs中用于苯污染地下水的可持续修复。制定的传输模型可以公平地描述动态流动条件下研究介质中苯的行为；但是，在中试/全面应用之前需要进行模型改进和额外的实验研究，以改善拟合并验证苯去除过程。我们的结果通常表明此类研究如何有助于评估潜在的反应性屏障材料。