ABSTRACT

Research on the effects of exercise on cortical activity has grown significantly, with a predominant focus on the technique of electroencephalography (EEG). Technological advancements in EEG render this technique suitable for studies that explore human movement. There is a noticeable gap in the literature concerning how EEG-recorded cortical oscillatory activity is affected by exercise. Accordingly, the aim of this review was to summarise studies that investigated the effects of exercise on brain activity using EEG. This was a systematic review of 47 studies, predicated on PRISMA guidelines. The results were, on the whole, equivocal in nature, with the exception that activity in the alpha and beta frequency bands increased both during and post-exercise across the frontal, central, and limbic regions. The reported increases could be attributed to a variety of neural processes, such as neuro-connectivity, cortical inhibition, and sensory feedback loops. Future researchers need to give careful consideration to exercise parameters (e.g. mode of exercise, intensity, duration) to facilitate their interpretation of experimental data. The present findings support the notion that exercise alters alpha and beta neural oscillations but more work is needed to provide a fuller picture of the brain processes that manifest during exercise.

摘要

关于运动对皮质活动影响的研究已经显着增长，主要集中在脑电图 (EEG) 技术上。EEG 的技术进步使这项技术适用于探索人体运动的研究。关于脑电图记录的皮质振荡活动如何受运动影响的文献中存在明显的差距。因此，本综述的目的是总结使用 EEG 调查运动对大脑活动影响的研究。这是基于 PRISMA 指南对 47 项研究的系统评价。总的来说，结果在本质上是模棱两可的，除了在额叶、中央和边缘区域的运动期间和运动后，α 和 β 频带的活动增加。报告的增加可归因于多种神经过程，例如神经连接、皮质抑制和感觉反馈回路。未来的研究人员需要仔细考虑运动参数（例如运动方式、强度、持续时间），以促进他们对实验数据的解释。目前的研究结果支持运动改变 α 和 β 神经振荡的观点，但需要做更多的工作来更全面地了解运动过程中表现出来的大脑过程。