Abstract

Objective

We explored (1) social, cultural, and economic capital in spousal carers of people with dementia; (2) profiles of carers with different levels of capital; (3) whether the identified profiles differ in levels of stress and positive experiences of caring, and likelihood of depression over time.

Methods

Baseline (2014–2016), 12-month, and 24-month follow-up data were analyzed for 984 coresident spousal carers of people with dementia. We assessed social, cultural, and economic capital, stress, positive experiences of caring, depression.

Results

On average, carers reported infrequent social and cultural participation. Most carers were not socially isolated, trusted their neighbours, had education at least to age 16, and had an income aligned with the 2014 UK average. We identified four groups of carers with different levels of capital. Although on average stress was low, depression was infrequent, and positive experiences of caring were moderately frequent, the group of carers with lowest capital was the least stressed and reported the most positive experiences of caring over time. Compared to the two groups with better capital, those with poorer capital were more likely to be depressed over time.

Conclusion

Social, cultural, and economic resources may decrease likelihood of depression, but not stress, in carers of people with dementia.

中文翻译：

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社会、文化和经济资本概况作为痴呆症患者配偶照顾者压力、积极护理体验和抑郁的纵向预测因素

摘要

客观的

我们探讨了 (1) 痴呆症患者配偶照顾者的社会、文化和经济资本；(2) 不同资本水平的照顾者概况；(3) 所确定的情况在压力水平和积极的护理经历以及随着时间的推移患抑郁症的可能性方面是否存在差异。

方法

对 984 名痴呆症患者的共同居住配偶照顾者的基线（2014-2016）、12 个月和 24 个月随访数据进行了分析。我们评估了社会、文化和经济资本、压力、积极的关怀经历、抑郁。

结果

平均而言，护理人员很少参与社会和文化活动。大多数护理人员没有被社会孤立，信任邻居，至少受过 16 岁的教育，收入与 2014 年英国平均水平一致。我们确定了四组具有不同资本水平的护理人员。尽管平均压力较低，抑郁症很少见，并且积极的护理体验也比较频繁，但资本最低的护理人员群体压力最小，并且随着时间的推移报告了最积极的护理体验。与资本较好的两组相比，资本较差的人随着时间的推移更有可能陷入抑郁。

结论

社会、文化和经济资源可能会降低痴呆症患者护理人员患抑郁症的可能性，但不会降低压力。