Alcohol hangover refers to the combination of negative mental and physical symptoms that can be experienced after an episode of alcohol consumption, typically emerging as blood alcohol concentration (BAC) approaches zero. Hangover has been associated with heavy drinking and may be relevant in the transition to alcohol use disorder (AUD). Our aim was to examine hangover prevalence and associated symptoms following intravenous alcohol self-administration (IV-ASA), and to identify possible predictors of hangover in non-dependent drinkers.

Ninety-five drinkers without AUD completed an IV-ASA session. Pharmacodynamic measures of alcohol consumption included peak and average breath alcohol concentrations. Subjective measures of alcohol response included the Drug Effects Questionnaire and Biphasic Effects of Alcohol Scale. The Alcohol Hangover Scale assessed hangover symptoms from the end of the session until the following morning.

78% of participants endorsed at least one hangover symptom following IV-ASA. There was no association between hangover scores and IV-ASA measures of alcohol consumption. Additional mediation and moderation analysis revealed that self-reported intoxication was a significant mediator of the relationship between recent drinking and hangover symptoms.

Hangover symptoms may be an early marker of the relationship between subjective response to alcohol and heavy drinking for those with no prior history of AUD. In particular, the effects of hangover go beyond exposure to alcohol and the individual’s subjective response to this exposure is associated with their experience of hangover. Future studies should further characterize the determinants of hangover across different populations of drinkers to better understand the risk for AUD and inform prevention methods.

酒精宿醉是指饮酒后可能出现的负面精神和身体症状的组合，通常在血液酒精浓度 (BAC) 接近零时出现。宿醉与大量饮酒有关，并且可能与酒精使用障碍 (AUD) 的转变有关。我们的目的是检查自我静脉注射酒精 (IV-ASA) 后的宿醉患病率和相关症状，并确定非依赖性饮酒者宿醉的可能预测因素。

95 名没有 AUD 的饮酒者完成了 IV-ASA 课程。酒精消耗的药效学测量包括峰值和平均呼吸酒精浓度。酒精反应的主观测量包括药物效应问卷和酒精双相效应量表。酒精宿醉量表评估了从会议结束到第二天早上的宿醉症状。

78% 的参与者认可 IV-ASA 后至少出现一种宿醉症状。宿醉评分与 IV-ASA 饮酒量测量值之间没有关联。额外的中介和调节分析表明，自我报告的中毒是近期饮酒和宿醉症状之间关系的重要中介因素。

对于那些没有 AUD 病史的人来说，宿醉症状可能是对酒精的主观反应与酗酒之间关系的早期标志。特别是，宿醉的影响超出了暴露于酒精的范围，个人对这种暴露的主观反应与他们的宿醉经历有关。未来的研究应进一步描述不同饮酒人群宿醉的决定因素，以更好地了解 AUD 的风险并为预防方法提供信息。