Limited evidence exists concerning how a diagnosis of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and/or learning disabilities (ADHD/LD) modifies recovery and behavior following sport-related concussion (SRC). To understand how ADHD/LD modifies the post-SRC experience, we conducted a retrospective cohort study of concussed young athletes through phone interviews with patients and guardians. Outcomes included time until symptom resolution (SR) and return-to-learn (RTL), plus subjective changes in post-SRC activity and sports behavior. Multivariate Cox and logistic regression was performed, adjusting for biopsychosocial characteristics. The ADHD/LD diagnosis was independently associated with worse outcomes, including lower likelihood to achieve SR (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.62, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [0.41-0.94]; P = .02) and RTL (HR = 0.55, 95% CI = [0.36-0.83]; P < .01) at any time following injury, and increased odds of changing sport behavior after concussion (odds ratio [OR] = 3.26, 95% CI = [1.26-8.42], P = .02), often to a safer style of play (62.5% vs 39.6%; P = .02) or retiring from the sport (37.5% vs 18.5%; P = .02). These results provide further evidence of the unique needs for athletes with ADHD/LD following SRC.

关于注意力缺陷多动障碍和/或学习障碍 (ADHD/LD) 的诊断如何改变运动相关脑震荡 (SRC) 后的恢复和行为的证据有限。为了了解 ADHD/LD 如何改变 SRC 后的体验，我们通过电话采访患者和监护人，对脑震荡的年轻运动员进行了一项回顾性队列研究。结果包括症状解决 (SR) 和重返学习 (RTL) 之前的时间，以及 SRC 后活动和运动行为的主观变化。进行多变量 Cox 和逻辑回归，调整生物心理社会特征。ADHD/LD 诊断与较差的结果独立相关，包括实现 SR 的可能性较低（风险比 [HR] = 0.62，95% 置信区间 [CI] = [0.41-0.94]；P= .02) 和 RTL (HR = 0.55, 95% CI = [0.36-0.83]; P < .01) 在受伤后的任何时间，以及脑震荡后改变运动行为的几率增加（优势比 [OR] = 3.26， 95% CI = [1.26-8.42]，P = .02），通常选择更安全的比赛方式（62.5% vs 39.6%；P = .02）或退出这项运动（37.5% vs 18.5%；P = .02） 02). 这些结果进一步证明了患有 ADHD/LD 的运动员在 SRC 之后的独特需求。