The primary objectives were to investigate the association of physical activity levels with 1) loneliness and social isolation; 2) protective factors: resilience, purpose-in-life, and perception of aging; and 3) the impact of these factors on healthcare expenditure patterns across physical activity levels. The study sample was identified from adults age ≥65 who completed a health survey in 2018 or 2019 (N=6,652). Among survey respondents, the prevalence of low, moderate, and high physical activity levels was 29%, 31%, and 41%, respectively. Moderate and high physical activity were associated with 15%-30% lower likelihoods of loneliness and social isolation; and with 27% to 150% higher protective factors. In addition, physical activity was associated with the mitigation of increased healthcare expenditures associated with loneliness, social isolation, and low levels of protective factors. Thus, physical activity could serve as an intervention to reduce loneliness and social isolation, augment protective factors, and mitigate excess healthcare expenditures.

主要目标是调查身体活动水平与 1) 孤独感和社会孤立感之间的关系；2) 保护因素：复原力、生活目标和对衰老的感知；3) 这些因素对跨身体活动水平的医疗保健支出模式的影响。研究样本是从 2018 年或 2019 年完成健康调查的 65 岁以上的成年人中确定的（N=6,652）。在受访者中，低、中、高体力活动水平的患病率分别为 29%、31% 和 41%。中等和高强度的身体活动与孤独和社会孤立的可能性降低 15%-30% 相关；并具有高出 27% 至 150% 的保护因子。此外，身体活动与减轻与孤独相关的医疗保健支出增加有关，社会孤立，保护因素水平低。因此，体育锻炼可以作为一种干预措施，以减少孤独感和社会孤立感，增加保护因素，并减轻过度的医疗保健支出。