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Suitability of Biofuels Production on Commercial Scale from Various Feedstocks: A Critical Review
ChemBioEng Reviews ( IF 6.2 ) Pub Date : 2022-07-25 , DOI: 10.1002/cben.202100049 Asma Sarwer 1 , Murid Hussain 1 , Ala'a H. Al‐Muhtaseb 2 , Abrar Inayat 3 , Sikander Rafiq 4 , M. Shahzad Khurram 1 , Noaman Ul‐Haq 1 , Noor Samad Shah 5 , Aamir Alaud Din 6 , Ishaq Ahmad 7 , Farrukh Jamil 1, 2
ChemBioEng Reviews ( IF 6.2 ) Pub Date : 2022-07-25 , DOI: 10.1002/cben.202100049 Asma Sarwer 1 , Murid Hussain 1 , Ala'a H. Al‐Muhtaseb 2 , Abrar Inayat 3 , Sikander Rafiq 4 , M. Shahzad Khurram 1 , Noaman Ul‐Haq 1 , Noor Samad Shah 5 , Aamir Alaud Din 6 , Ishaq Ahmad 7 , Farrukh Jamil 1, 2
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The growing demand for energy resources and the increase in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions has given biofuels a lot of attention. Liquid biofuels can be a significant alternative for the transport sector. Generally, biofuels are categorized into four generations based on the feedstock. This review reports the availability, economic feasibility, and potential of biofuel feedstock in global scenario. Feedstock for first-generation biofuel comprises edible resources impacting the food supply. Second generation biofuels are based on different residual materials and nonedible fuel crops. Cost and technological limitations for commercialization hinders this option. Microalgae are the feedstock for third generation biofuels providing the highest yield compared to the other two generations. A scale-up to commercial level is not possible as this requires further development. Genetically modified microorganisms are used as a feedstock for fourth generation biofuel production with the highest possible yield. Third and fourth generation biofuels have potential to replace fossil fuels. This review recommends certain suggestions for sustainable biofuel production.
中文翻译：
从各种原料进行商业规模生物燃料生产的适用性：批判性审查
对能源资源的日益增长的需求和温室气体（GHG）排放量的增加使生物燃料备受关注。液体生物燃料可以成为运输部门的重要替代品。一般来说，生物燃料根据原料分为四代。本综述报告了全球情景下生物燃料原料的可用性、经济可行性和潜力。第一代生物燃料的原料包括影响粮食供应的可食用资源。第二代生物燃料基于不同的残留材料和非食用燃料作物。商业化的成本和技术限制阻碍了这种选择。与其他两代相比，微藻是第三代生物燃料的原料，产量最高。不可能扩大到商业水平，因为这需要进一步发展。转基因微生物被用作第四代生物燃料生产的原料，产量最高。第三代和第四代生物燃料具有替代化石燃料的潜力。这篇综述就可持续的生物燃料生产提出了一些建议。
更新日期：2022-07-25
中文翻译：
从各种原料进行商业规模生物燃料生产的适用性：批判性审查
对能源资源的日益增长的需求和温室气体（GHG）排放量的增加使生物燃料备受关注。液体生物燃料可以成为运输部门的重要替代品。一般来说，生物燃料根据原料分为四代。本综述报告了全球情景下生物燃料原料的可用性、经济可行性和潜力。第一代生物燃料的原料包括影响粮食供应的可食用资源。第二代生物燃料基于不同的残留材料和非食用燃料作物。商业化的成本和技术限制阻碍了这种选择。与其他两代相比，微藻是第三代生物燃料的原料，产量最高。不可能扩大到商业水平，因为这需要进一步发展。转基因微生物被用作第四代生物燃料生产的原料，产量最高。第三代和第四代生物燃料具有替代化石燃料的潜力。这篇综述就可持续的生物燃料生产提出了一些建议。
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