After several billions of years, nature still makes decisions on its own to identify, develop, and direct the most effective material for phenomena/challenges faced. Likewise, and inspired by the nature, we learned how to take steps in developing new technologies and materials innovations. Wet and strong adhesion by Mytilidae mussels (among which Mytilus edulis—blue mussel and Mytilus californianus—California mussel are the most well-known species) has been an inspiration in developing advanced adhesives for the moist condition. The wet adhesion phenomenon is significant in designing tissue adhesives and surgical sealants. However, a deep understanding of engaged chemical moieties, microenvironmental conditions of secreted proteins, and other contributing mechanisms for outstanding wet adhesion mussels are essential for the optimal design of wet glues. In this review, all aspects of wet adhesion of Mytilidae mussels, as well as different strategies needed for designing and fabricating wet adhesives are discussed from a chemistry point of view. Developed muscle-inspired chemistry is a versatile technique when designing not only wet adhesive, but also, in several more applications, especially in the bioengineering area. The applications of muscle-inspired biomaterials in various medical applications are summarized for future developments in the field.

中文翻译：

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受贻贝启发的生物材料：从化学到临床


数十亿年之后，大自然仍然自行决定识别、开发和指导针对所面临的现象/挑战的最有效材料。同样，在大自然的启发下，我们学会了如何采取措施开发新技术和材料创新。贻贝科贻贝（其中最著名的品种是贻贝（Mytilus edulis ）和加利福尼亚贻贝（Mytilus californianus） ）的湿而强的粘附力一直是开发用于潮湿条件的先进粘合剂的灵感。湿粘附现象在设计组织粘合剂和手术密封剂时具有重要意义。然而，深入了解参与的化学部分、分泌蛋白的微环境条件以及出色的湿粘附贻贝的其他贡献机制对于湿胶的优化设计至关重要。在这篇综述中，从化学角度讨论了贻贝湿粘附的各个方面，以及设计和制造湿粘合剂所需的不同策略。开发的受肌肉启发的化学不仅在设计湿粘合剂时，而且在其他几种应用中，尤其是在生物工程领域，都是一种多功能技术。总结了肌肉生物材料在各种医学应用中的应用，以供该领域的未来发展。