Colorectal surgery is associated with a high risk of surgical site infection (SSI). In March 2017, we developed an intervention, called “PRESS”, with the aim of reducing colorectal superficial SSI. This study assessed the effect of the new intervention in reducing the rates of superficial SSI in colorectal surgery.

This study was a retrospective review of 312 PRESS+ patients compared to 171 historical control PRESS− patients who were 18 years of age or older and underwent elective colorectal surgery with clean-contaminated wounds from January 2015 to June 2020. In the PRESS+ groups, we pressed the incision downward hard with clean gauze after the interrupted suturing of the skin. Propensity score matching with 15 variables was performed in a 1:1 ratio to reduce selection bias. Univariate analysis and multivariate analysis were performed to identify risk factors associated with SSI.

The characteristics of the PRESS+ (n = 160) and PRESS− (n = 160) groups were well balanced after propensity score matching. The PRESS+ group had a lower superficial SSI rate (1.9% vs. 6.9%, P = 0.029) and a lower overall SSI rate (2.5% vs. 10.0%, P = 0.006) than the PRESS− group. Furthermore, multivariate analysis showed that the incisional press was an effective protective factor for superficial SSI (adjusted odds ratio = 0.215, 95% confidence interval = 0.057–0.818, P = 0.024). In addition, female sex (P = 0.048) and blood transfusion (P = 0.011) were demonstrated to be independent risk factors for superficial SSI.

The incisional press after suturing is a simple, costless, and effective intervention in reducing superficial incisional SSI.

结直肠手术与手术部位感染 (SSI) 的高风险相关。2017 年 3 月，我们开发了一种称为“PRESS”的干预措施，旨在减少结直肠浅表 SSI。本研究评估了新干预措施在降低结直肠手术中浅表 SSI 发生率方面的效果。

本研究是对 2015 年 1 月至 2020 年 6 月 312 名 PRESS+ 患者与 171 名 18 岁或以上的历史对照 PRESS- 患者的回顾性研究，这些患者接受了具有清洁污染伤口的择期结直肠手术。在 PRESS+ 组中，我们按皮肤间断缝合后，用干净纱布用力向下切口。以 1:1 的比例对 15 个变量进行倾向评分匹配，以减少选择偏差。进行单变量分析和多变量分析以确定与 SSI 相关的风险因素。

PRESS+ 的特点（n = 160) 和 PRESS- (n = 160) 组在倾向得分匹配后得到了很好的平衡。PRESS+ 组的表面 SSI 率较低（1.9% 对 6.9%，磷 = 0.029）和较低的总体 SSI 率（2.5% 对 10.0%，磷 = 0.006) 比 PRESS− 组。此外，多变量分析表明，切口按压是浅表 SSI 的有效保护因素（调整优势比 = 0.215，95% 置信区间 = 0.057-0.818，磷 = 0.024)。此外，女性（磷 = 0.048) 和输血 (磷 = 0.011）被证明是表面 SSI 的独立危险因素。

缝合后的切口按压是减少浅表切口 SSI 的一种简单、无成本且有效的干预措施。