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Relation of Incident Type 1 Diabetes to Recent COVID-19 Infection: Cohort Study Using e-Health Record Linkage in Scotland
Diabetes Care ( IF 16.2 ) Pub Date : 2022-07-26 , DOI: 10.2337/dc22-0385
Paul M McKeigue 1, 2 , Stuart McGurnaghan 3 , Luke Blackbourn 3 , Louise E Bath 4 , David A McAllister 2, 5 , Thomas M Caparrotta 3, 4 , Sarah H Wild 1, 2 , Simon N Wood 6 , Diane Stockton 2 , Helen M Colhoun 2, 3
Affiliation  

OBJECTIVE Studies using claims databases reported that SARS-CoV-2 infection >30 days earlier was associated with an increase in the incidence of type 1 diabetes. Using exact dates of diabetes diagnosis from the national register in Scotland linked to virology laboratory data, we sought to replicate this finding. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A cohort of 1,849,411 individuals aged <35 years without diabetes, including all those in Scotland who subsequently tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, was followed from 1 March 2020 to 22 November 2021. Incident type 1 diabetes was ascertained from the national registry. Using Cox regression, we tested the association of time-updated infection with incident diabetes. Trends in incidence of type 1 diabetes in the population from 2015 through 2021 were also estimated in a generalized additive model. RESULTS There were 365,080 individuals who had at least one detected SARS-CoV-2 infection during follow-up and 1074 who developed type 1 diabetes. The rate ratio for incident type 1 diabetes associated with first positive test for SARS-CoV-2 (reference category: no previous infection) was 0.86 (95% CI 0.62, 1.21) for infection >30 days earlier and 2.62 (95% CI 1.81, 3.78) for infection in the previous 30 days. However, negative and positive SARS-CoV-2 tests were more frequent in the days surrounding diabetes presentation. In those aged 0–14 years, incidence of type 1 diabetes during 2020–2021 was 20% higher than the 7-year average. CONCLUSIONS Type 1 diabetes incidence in children increased during the pandemic. However, the cohort analysis suggests that SARS-CoV-2 infection itself was not the cause of this increase.

中文翻译:

事件 1 型糖尿病与近期 COVID-19 感染的关系:在苏格兰使用电子健康记录链接的队列研究

目的 使用索赔数据库进行的研究报告说,SARS-CoV-2 感染提前 30 天以上与 1 型糖尿病发病率增加有关。我们使用苏格兰国家登记册中糖尿病诊断的确切日期与病毒学实验室数据相关联,试图复制这一发现。研究设计和方法 从 2020 年 3 月 1 日到 2021 年 11 月 22 日,对 1,849,411 名年龄 <35 岁且未患糖尿病的人进行了队列研究,包括苏格兰所有随后检测出 SARS-CoV-2 呈阳性的人。确定了 1 型糖尿病事件来自国家登记处。使用 Cox 回归,我们测试了时间更新感染与糖尿病事件的关联。2015 年至 2021 年人群中 1 型糖尿病的发病率趋势也在广义相加模型中进行了估计。结果 有 365,080 人在随访期间至少检测到一次 SARS-CoV-2 感染,1074 人患上了 1 型糖尿病。与 SARS-CoV-2 首次阳性检测(参考类别:无既往感染)相关的 1 型糖尿病发生率比为 0.86(95% CI 0.62,1.21),早于 30 天以上感染,2.62(95% CI) 1.81, 3.78) 前 30 天的感染。然而,在糖尿病出现前后的日子里,SARS-CoV-2 检测呈阴性和阳性的频率更高。在 0-14 岁人群中,2020-2021 年期间 1 型糖尿病的发病率比 7 年平均水平高 20%。结论 儿童 1 型糖尿病发病率在大流行期间有所增加。然而,队列分析表明 SARS-CoV-2 感染本身并不是这种增加的原因。080 人在随访期间至少检测到一次 SARS-CoV-2 感染,1074 人患上了 1 型糖尿病。与 SARS-CoV-2 首次阳性检测(参考类别:无既往感染)相关的 1 型糖尿病发生率比为 0.86(95% CI 0.62,1.21),早于 30 天以上感染,2.62(95% CI) 1.81, 3.78) 前 30 天的感染。然而,在糖尿病出现前后的日子里,SARS-CoV-2 检测呈阴性和阳性的频率更高。在 0-14 岁人群中,2020-2021 年期间 1 型糖尿病的发病率比 7 年平均水平高 20%。结论 儿童 1 型糖尿病发病率在大流行期间有所增加。然而,队列分析表明 SARS-CoV-2 感染本身并不是这种增加的原因。080 人在随访期间至少检测到一次 SARS-CoV-2 感染,1074 人患上了 1 型糖尿病。与 SARS-CoV-2 首次阳性检测(参考类别:无既往感染)相关的 1 型糖尿病发生率比为 0.86(95% CI 0.62,1.21),早于 30 天以上感染,2.62(95% CI) 1.81, 3.78) 前 30 天的感染。然而,在糖尿病出现前后的日子里,SARS-CoV-2 检测呈阴性和阳性的频率更高。在 0-14 岁人群中,2020-2021 年期间 1 型糖尿病的发病率比 7 年平均水平高 20%。结论 儿童 1 型糖尿病发病率在大流行期间有所增加。然而,队列分析表明 SARS-CoV-2 感染本身并不是这种增加的原因。
更新日期:2022-07-26
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