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The genome of Dioscorea zingiberensis sheds light on the biosynthesis, origin and evolution of the medicinally important diosgenin saponins
Horticulture Research ( IF 7.6 ) Pub Date : 2022-07-25 , DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhac165
Yi Li 1 , Chao Tan 1 , Zihao Li 1 , Jingzhe Guo 1 , Song Li 1 , Xin Chen 1 , Chen Wang 1 , Xiaokang Dai 1 , Huan Yang 1 , Wei Song 1 , Lixiu Hou 1 , Jiali Xu 1 , Ziyu Tong 1 , Anran Xu 1 , Xincheng Yuan 1 , Weipeng Wang 1 , Qingyong Yang 2 , Lingling Chen 3 , Zongyi Sun 4 , Kai Wang 4 , Bo Pan 5 , Jianghua Chen 6 , Yinghua Bao 7 , Faguang Liu 7 , Xiaoquan Qi 8 , David R Gang 9 , Jun Wen 10 , Jiaru Li 1
Affiliation  

Diosgenin saponins isolated from Dioscorea species such as Dioscorea zingiberensis exhibit a broad spectrum of pharmacological activities. Diosgenin, the aglycone of diosgenin saponins, is an important starting material for production of steroidal drugs. However, how plants produce diosgenin saponins, and the origin and evolution of diosgenin saponin biosynthetic pathway remain a mystery. Here, we report a high-quality, 629-Mb genome of D. zingiberensis anchored on 10 chromosomes with 30,322 protein-coding genes. We reveal that diosgenin is synthesized in leaves (“source”), then converted into diosgenin saponins, and finally transported to rhizomes (“sink”) for storage in plants. By evaluating the distribution and evolutionary patterns of diosgenin saponins in Dioscorea species, we find that diosgenin saponin-containing may be an ancestral trait in Dioscorea and is selectively retained. The results of comparative genomic analysis indicate that the tandem duplication coupled with a whole genome duplication event provide key evolutionary resources for the diosgenin saponin biosynthetic pathway in the D. zingiberensis genome. Furthermore, comparative transcriptome and metabolite analysis among 13 Dioscorea species suggest that specific gene expression patterns of pathway genes promote the differential evolution of the diosgenin saponin biosynthetic pathway in Dioscorea species. Our study provides important insights and valuable resources for further understanding the biosynthesis, evolution and utilization of plant specialized metabolites such as diosgenin saponins.

中文翻译:

Dioscorea zingiberensis 的基因组揭示了具有药用价值的薯蓣皂苷元的生物合成、起源和进化

从薯蓣属物种如姜黄薯中分离出的薯蓣皂苷具有广谱的药理活性。薯蓣皂苷元是薯蓣皂苷元的苷元,是生产甾体药物的重要原料。然而,植物如何产生薯蓣皂甙,薯蓣皂甙生物合成途径的起源和演化仍是一个谜。在这里,我们报告了一个高质量、629 Mb 的 D. zingiberensis 基因组,该基因组锚定在具有 30,322 个蛋白质编码基因的 10 条染色体上。我们揭示薯蓣皂苷元在叶子中合成(“来源”),然后转化为薯蓣皂苷元,最后运输到根茎(“汇”)储存在植物中。通过评估薯蓣属中薯蓣皂苷元的分布和进化模式,我们发现含有薯蓣皂苷元的皂苷可能是薯蓣属的祖先性状并被选择性保留。比较基因组分析的结果表明,串联重复加上全基因组重复事件为 D. zingiberensis 基因组中薯蓣皂苷元生物合成途径提供了关键的进化资源。此外,13 种薯蓣属物种之间的比较转录组和代谢物分析表明,通路基因的特定基因表达模式促进薯蓣属物种中薯蓣皂苷元生物合成途径的差异进化。我们的研究为进一步了解植物特殊代谢物(如薯蓣皂苷元)的生物合成、进化和利用提供了重要的见解和宝贵的资源。比较基因组分析的结果表明,串联重复加上全基因组重复事件为 D. zingiberensis 基因组中薯蓣皂苷元生物合成途径提供了关键的进化资源。此外,13 种薯蓣属物种之间的比较转录组和代谢物分析表明,通路基因的特定基因表达模式促进薯蓣属物种中薯蓣皂苷元生物合成途径的差异进化。我们的研究为进一步了解植物特殊代谢物(如薯蓣皂苷元)的生物合成、进化和利用提供了重要的见解和宝贵的资源。比较基因组分析的结果表明,串联重复加上全基因组重复事件为 D. zingiberensis 基因组中薯蓣皂苷元生物合成途径提供了关键的进化资源。此外,13 种薯蓣属物种之间的比较转录组和代谢物分析表明,通路基因的特定基因表达模式促进薯蓣属物种中薯蓣皂苷元生物合成途径的差异进化。我们的研究为进一步了解植物特殊代谢物(如薯蓣皂苷元)的生物合成、进化和利用提供了重要的见解和宝贵的资源。
更新日期:2022-07-25
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