Mineral dust contributes to more than half of the global aerosol loading. However, the radiative impacts of dust aerosols on planetary boundary layer (PBL) structure have not been explored sufficiently. During a typical dust storm event over Tarim Basin, dust aerosols exhibit a well-mixed distribution during the daytime in spite of a shallow layer of dust particles accumulated at higher altitudes. By contrast, nocturnal dust plumes are located near the surface due to stable stratification. We demonstrate that these differentiated vertical distributions determine the spatial heterogeneity of dust loading, radiative fluxes and PBL height variations. Dust aerosols cause daytime PBL suppression and nighttime PBL promotion through modulating surface and atmospheric radiative budgets. Specifically, dust-induced cooling effect within PBL directly inhibits the daytime PBL development. PBL suppression effect is then amplified by entrainment processes resulting in excessively low PBL height, especially for dust particles below but near the PBL top. Dust plumes weaken updrafts from PBL and downdrafts of the free atmosphere, which further reduce the entrainment mixing through attenuating horizontal and vertical advection, and eventually amplify PBL suppression. At night, near-surface dust aerosols stimulate a warm and unstable lower atmosphere, generate warm advection heating and promote the PBL development. Our study highlights the importance of specifying entrainment parameters and nighttime advection activities in quantifying the dust-PBL interactions.

矿物粉尘占全球气溶胶负荷的一半以上。然而，尘埃气溶胶对行星边界层（PBL）结构的辐射影响尚未得到充分探索。在塔里木盆地一场典型的沙尘暴事件中，尽管在高海拔地区积聚了浅层的沙尘颗粒，但沙尘气溶胶在白天呈现出良好的混合分布。相比之下，由于稳定​​的分层，夜间尘埃羽流位于地表附近。我们证明，这些不同的垂直分布决定了灰尘负载、辐射通量和 PBL 高度变化的空间异质性。尘埃气溶胶通过调节表面和大气辐射预算导致白天 PBL 抑制和夜间 PBL 促进。具体来说，PBL 内灰尘引起的冷却效应直接抑制了白天 PBL 的发展。然后通过夹带过程放大 PBL 抑制效果，导致 PBL 高度过低，特别是对于低于但靠近 PBL 顶部的尘埃颗粒。尘羽减弱了 PBL 的上升气流和自由大气的下降气流，这进一步减少了通过减弱地平线的夹带混合t al 和垂直平流，并最终放大 PBL 抑制。夜间，近地表尘埃气溶胶刺激了温暖而不稳定的低层大气，产生温暖的平流加热，促进了PBL的发展。我们的研究强调了指定夹带参数和夜间平流活动在量化灰尘-PBL 相互作用中的重要性。