Infants attend daycare at an early age, which raises questions about children's sensitivity to the childcare environment and the role of different temperamental traits in their development in the early years. In a two-year longitudinal study with parent- and caregiver-reported data for Dutch children at the age of 1 and 2 years (120 children from 92 groups), we explored fine-grained dimensions of negative affect and their relationship with socio-emotional functioning. Especially shyness, frustration and soothability proved robust predictors of socio-emotional development across parent- and caregiver-reported data with both concurrent (Year-1) and predictive associations (Year-2). Also, the quality of caregiver–child interactions moderated caregiver-reported child wellbeing and competence. Infants that are open to social contacts, are easy to comfort and have low levels of frustration, and have higher levels of wellbeing and less problem behaviour in early daycare than peers with higher levels of shyness and frustration and relatively low levels of soothability.

中文翻译：

---

荷兰日托中的婴儿：探索气质的细粒度维度

婴儿在很小的时候就参加日托，这引发了关于儿童对托儿环境的敏感性以及不同气质特征在他们早年发育中的作用的问题。在一项针对 1 岁和 2 岁荷兰儿童（来自 92 组的 120 名儿童）的父母和照顾者报告的数据进行的为期两年的纵向研究中，我们探索了负面影响的细粒度维度及其与社会情绪的关系运作。尤其是害羞、沮丧和安抚性被证明是社会情感发展的有力预测因子，跨父母和看护者报告的数据具有并发（第 1 年）和预测关联（第 2 年）。此外，照顾者与儿童互动的质量调节了照顾者报告的儿童幸福感和能力。对社会交往开放的婴儿，