Background Immune dysregulation in individuals with Down syndrome (DS) leads to an increased risk for hospitalization and death due to COVID-19 and may impair the generation of protective immunity after vaccine administration. Methods The cellular and humoral responses of 55 DS patients who received a complete SARS-CoV-2 vaccination regime at one to three (V1) and six (V2) months were characterized. Results SARS-CoV-2-reactive CD4 + and CD8+ T lymphocytes with a predominant Th1 phenotype were observed at V1 and increased at V2. Likewise, an increase of SARS-CoV-2-specific circulating Tfh (cTfh) cells and CD8+ CXCR5+ PD-1hi lymphocytes were already observed at V1 after vaccine administration. Specific IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 S protein were detected in 96% and 98% of subjects at V1 and V2, respectively, though IgG titers decreased significantly between both timepoints. Conclusions Our findings show that DS individuals develop an effective immune response to usual regimes of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.

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SARS-CoV-2 疫苗接种后唐氏综合症成人的有效免疫反应的发展

背景 唐氏综合症 (DS) 患者的免疫失调导致因 COVID-19 住院和死亡的风险增加，并可能损害疫苗接种后保护性免疫的产生。方法 对 55 名 DS 患者的细胞和体液反应进行了表征，这些患者在一到三个月 (V1) 和六个月 (V2) 时接受了完整的 SARS-CoV-2 疫苗接种方案。结果 在 V1 观察到具有显着 Th1 表型的 SARS-CoV-2 反应性 CD4 + 和 CD8 + T 淋巴细胞，并在 V2 增加。同样，SARS-CoV-2 特异性循环 Tfh (cTfh) 细胞和 CD8+ CXCR5+ PD-1hi 淋巴细胞的增加已经在疫苗接种后的 V1 处观察到。在 V1 和 V2 分别有 96% 和 98% 的受试者检测到针对 SARS-CoV-2 S 蛋白的特异性 IgG 抗体，尽管 IgG 滴度在两个时间点之间显着下降。结论 我们的研究结果表明，DS 个体对常规的 SARS-CoV-2 疫苗接种方案产生了有效的免疫反应。