Background

Overweight/obesity and depression are highly co-occurring conditions with shared pathophysiology as well as social and economic determinants. To our knowledge, this is the first systematic review aims to comprehensively synthesize extant literature with a focus on the effectiveness of interventions targeting obesity and depression comorbidity.

Methods

We searched databases including MEDLINE, ProQuest Central, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, from inception of the databases until Nov 12, 2021. Articles were included if they reported on the effects of pharmacological, psychological or dietary interventions on comorbid depression and overweight/obesity as their primary or secondary outcome.

Results

Of the 5480 identified records, 19 eligible researches comprising 15 RCTs and 4 uncontrolled longitudinal studies for 3408 participants with comorbid depression and overweight/obesity. The available literature is not sufficient to inform evidence-based treatments targeting obesity and comorbid depression contemporaneously. Notwithstanding, the combination of CBT and lifestyle intervention show efficacy targeting obesity and comorbid depression as do some nutritional supplements, antidepressants and anti-diabetic agents.

Limitations

The high heterogeneity of various interventions in the included studies may cause a lack of comparability between different studies.

Conclusions

Concurrent management of depression and overweight/obesity is suggested by available data. There is a pressing need for studies that evaluate the effectiveness in real world samples of persons experiencing multiple co-occurring chronic diseases including but not limited to depression and overweight/obesity.

中文翻译：

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针对共病抑郁症和超重/肥胖的干预措施：系统评价

背景

超重/肥胖和抑郁症是高度同时发生的疾病，具有共同的病理生理学以及社会和经济决定因素。据我们所知，这是第一个旨在全面综合现有文献的系统评价，重点关注针对肥胖和抑郁症合并症的干预措施的有效性。

方法

我们搜索了包括 MEDLINE、ProQuest Central、Web of Science、PsycINFO、Cochrane Library 在内的数据库，从数据库开始到 2021 年 11 月 12 日。如果文章报告了药物、心理或饮食干预对合并抑郁症和超重的影响，则纳入其中/肥胖作为他们的主要或次要结果。

结果

在 5480 条确定的记录中，19 项符合条件的研究包括 15 项 RCT 和 4 项不受控制的纵向研究，涉及 3408 名患有抑郁症和超重/肥胖症的参与者。现有文献不足以同时为针对肥胖和合并抑郁症的循证治疗提供信息。尽管如此，CBT 和生活方式干预的结合显示出针对肥胖和合并抑郁症的功效，一些营养补充剂、抗抑郁药和抗糖尿病药物也是如此。

限制

纳入研究中各种干预措施的高度异质性可能导致不同研究之间缺乏可比性。

结论

现有数据建议同时管理抑郁症和超重/肥胖症。迫切需要研究评估现实世界样本中患有多种同时发生的慢性疾病的人的有效性，包括但不限于抑郁症和超重/肥胖症。