Microstructure, martensitic transformation and mechanical property of Ni₅₀Mn₃₀Ga₂₀ porous alloy with a pore diameter of 350–500 μm fabricated by imitation casting method using NaAlO₂ as a pore former were investigated. The influence of porous structure on the shape memory effect and superelasticity of Ni₅₀Mn₃₀Ga₂₀ alloy was analyzed. The porous structure reduces the constraints of the grain boundaries on the phase transformation and martensitic rearrangement. The heat treatment process can effectively optimize the grain structure at the nodes, pillars and walls of porous structure. Porous Ni₅₀Mn₃₀Ga₂₀ has completely different mechanical behaviors at different temperatures. The heat recovery strain of the martensite porous alloy is as high as 80% at the room temperature and a superelasticity of 50% was obtained in the austenite porous alloy at 160 °C. The introduction of porous structure provides a new idea for improving the comprehensive performance of Ni–Mn-Ga alloy.

_{研究了以NaAlO 2}为造孔剂仿铸造法制备的孔径为350~500 μm的Ni ₅₀ Mn ₃₀ Ga ₂₀多孔合金的组织、马氏体相变和力学性能。分析了多孔结构对Ni ₅₀ Mn ₃₀ Ga ₂₀合金的形状记忆效应和超弹性的影响。多孔结构减少了晶界对相变和马氏体重排的约束。该热处理工艺可以有效优化多孔结构的节点、柱和壁处的晶粒结构。多孔 Ni ₅₀ Mn ₃₀ Ga₂₀在不同温度下具有完全不同的力学行为。马氏体多孔合金的热回复应变在室温下高达 80%，而奥氏体多孔合金在 160 ℃时获得了 50% 的超弹性。多孔结构的引入为提高Ni-Mn-Ga合金的综合性能提供了新思路。