Bone tumor is a kind of rare cancer, the location of which is mainly in bone tissue as well as cartilage tissue. Bone tumor is mainly classified into benign and malignant types. The survival rate of patients with bone tumors can be considerably improved by early detection, and the danger of amputation caused by bone tumors can be greatly reduced. In this study, we first screened the top 25% serum miRNAs with the greatest variance in patients with malignant and benign bone tumor and healthy individuals. The expression of serum miRNAs in patients with bone tumor was then examined using unsupervised clustering and PCA, and the results revealed that the overall expression of serum miRNAs was ineffective in distinguishing patients with benign/malignant bone tumors. Subsequently, we screened 19 miRNA biomarkers that could be used to determine the benign/malignant bone tumor of patients by LASSO logistic regression. These genes were validated using ROC curves. Results showed that there were 11 miRNAs that could accurately distinguish benign/malignant bone tumor alone. These 11 miRNAs were, namely, hsa-miR-192-5p, hsa-miR-137, hsa-miR-142-3p, hsa-miR-155-3p, hsa-miR-1205, hsa-miR-1273a, hsa-miR-3187-3p, hsa-miR-1255b-2-3p, hsa-miR-1288-5p, hsa-miR-6836-5p, and hsa-miR-6862-5p. Next, we established a diagnostic model using logistic regression and validated the diagnostic model using ROC curves; the result of which showed that the model had good diagnostic efficacy. Then, we also verified that the diagnostic model established by these 11 miRNAs could distinguish patients with benign/malignant bone tumor using unsupervised clustering as well as PCA. Finally, by using qPCR, we validated the expression of 11 miRNAs in the serum of patients with malignant and benign bone tumors, as well as healthy volunteers. The results were consistent with the trend of miRNAs expression in public databases. In summary, we examined the differential expression of serum miRNAs in individuals with benign and malignant bone tumors and discovered 11 miRNA biomarkers that could be utilized to discriminate between the two.

骨肿瘤是一种罕见的癌症，主要发生在骨组织和软骨组织中。骨肿瘤主要分为良性和恶性两种。早期发现骨肿瘤患者的生存率可以大大提高，骨肿瘤导致截肢的危险也可以大大降低。在这项研究中，我们首先筛选了恶性和良性骨肿瘤患者和健康个体中差异最大的前 25% 的血清 miRNA。然后使用无监督聚类和PCA检查骨肿瘤患者血清miRNA的表达，结果表明血清miRNA的整体表达对于区分良性/恶性骨肿瘤患者无效。随后，我们通过 LASSO 逻辑回归筛选了 19 种可用于确定患者良性/恶性骨肿瘤的 miRNA 生物标志物。使用 ROC 曲线验证这些基因。结果表明，有11个miRNA可以单独准确区分良性/恶性骨肿瘤。这 11 个 miRNA 分别是 hsa-miR-192-5p、hsa-miR-137、hsa-miR-142-3p、hsa-miR-155-3p、hsa-miR-1205、hsa-miR-1273a、hsa -miR-3187-3p、hsa-miR-1255b-2-3p、hsa-miR-1288-5p、hsa-miR-6836-5p 和 hsa-miR-6862-5p。接下来，我们使用逻辑回归建立诊断模型，并使用ROC曲线验证诊断模型；结果表明该模型具有良好的诊断效能。然后，我们还验证了由这 11 种 miRNA 建立的诊断模型可以使用无监督聚类和 PCA 区分良性/恶性骨肿瘤患者。最后，通过使用 qPCR，我们验证了恶性和良性骨肿瘤患者以及健康志愿者血清中 11 种 miRNA 的表达。结果与公共数据库中miRNA表达趋势一致。总之，我们检查了良性和恶性骨肿瘤患者血清 miRNA 的差异表达，并发现了 11 种可用于区分两者的 miRNA 生物标志物。结果与公共数据库中miRNA表达趋势一致。总之，我们检查了良性和恶性骨肿瘤患者血清 miRNA 的差异表达，并发现了 11 种可用于区分两者的 miRNA 生物标志物。结果与公共数据库中miRNA表达趋势一致。总之，我们检查了良性和恶性骨肿瘤患者血清 miRNA 的差异表达，并发现了 11 种可用于区分两者的 miRNA 生物标志物。