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A unified theory of discrete and continuous responding.
Psychological Review ( IF 5.1 ) Pub Date : 2022-07-21 , DOI: 10.1037/rev0000378
Peter D Kvam 1 , A A J Marley 1 , Andrew Heathcote 2
Affiliation  

Understanding the cognitive processes underlying choice requires theories that can disentangle the representation of stimuli from the processes that map these representations onto observed responses. We develop a dynamic theory of how stimuli are mapped onto discrete (choice) and onto continuous response scales. It proposes that the mapping from a stimulus to an internal representation and then to an evidence accumulation process is accomplished using multiple reference points or “anchors.” Evidence is accumulated until a threshold amount for a particular response is obtained, with the relative balance of support for each anchor at that time determining the response. We tested this multiple anchored accumulation theory (MAAT) using the results of two experiments requiring discrete or continuous responses to line length and color stimuli. We manipulated the number of options for discrete responses, the number of different stimuli, and the similarity among them, and compared the outcomes to continuous response conditions. We show that MAAT accounts for several key phenomena: more accurate, faster, and more skewed distributions of responses near the ends of a response scale; lower accuracy and slower responses as the number of discrete choice options increases; and longer response times and lower accuracy when alternative responses are more similar to the target response. Our empirical and modeling results suggest that discrete and continuous response tasks can share a common evidence representation, and that the decision process is sensitive to the perceived similarity among the response options.

中文翻译:

离散和连续响应的统一理论。

理解选择背后的认知过程需要能够将刺激的表征与将这些表征映射到观察到的反应的过程分开的理论。我们开发了一个关于刺激如何映射到离散(选择)和连续响应尺度上的动态理论。它建议使用多个参考点或“锚点”来完成从刺激到内部表征再到证据积累过程的映射。积累证据直到获得特定响应的阈值数量,此时每个锚的支持的相对平衡决定了响应。我们使用需要对线长和颜色刺激进行离散或连续响应的两个实验的结果来测试这种多重锚定积累理论 (MAAT)。我们操纵了离散反应的选项数量、不同刺激的数量以及它们之间的相似性,并将结果与​​连续反应条件进行了比较。我们表明 MAAT 解释了几个关键现象:更准确、更快、更偏斜的响应分布接近响应量表的末端;随着离散选择选项数量的增加,准确性降低,响应速度变慢;当替代响应与目标响应更相似时,响应时间更长,准确性更低。我们的实证和建模结果表明,离散和连续的响应任务可以共享一个共同的证据表示,并且决策过程对响应选项之间的感知相似性很敏感。以及它们之间的相似性,并将结果与​​连续响应条件进行比较。我们表明 MAAT 解释了几个关键现象:更准确、更快、更偏斜的响应分布接近响应量表的末端;随着离散选择选项数量的增加,准确性降低,响应速度变慢;当替代响应与目标响应更相似时,响应时间更长,准确性更低。我们的实证和建模结果表明,离散和连续的响应任务可以共享一个共同的证据表示,并且决策过程对响应选项之间的感知相似性很敏感。以及它们之间的相似性,并将结果与​​连续响应条件进行比较。我们表明 MAAT 解释了几个关键现象:更准确、更快、更偏斜的响应分布接近响应量表的末端;随着离散选择选项数量的增加,准确性降低,响应速度变慢;当替代响应与目标响应更相似时,响应时间更长,准确性更低。我们的实证和建模结果表明,离散和连续的响应任务可以共享一个共同的证据表示,并且决策过程对响应选项之间的感知相似性很敏感。以及接近响应量表末尾的更偏态的响应分布;随着离散选择选项数量的增加,准确性降低,响应速度变慢;当替代响应与目标响应更相似时,响应时间更长,准确性更低。我们的实证和建模结果表明,离散和连续的响应任务可以共享一个共同的证据表示,并且决策过程对响应选项之间的感知相似性很敏感。以及接近响应量表末尾的更偏态的响应分布;随着离散选择选项数量的增加,准确性降低,响应速度变慢;当替代响应与目标响应更相似时,响应时间更长,准确性更低。我们的实证和建模结果表明,离散和连续的响应任务可以共享一个共同的证据表示,并且决策过程对响应选项之间的感知相似性很敏感。
更新日期:2022-07-22
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